Pathophysiology of surgical site infection in total hip arthroplasty

• Published in: American journal of infection control Vol. 27; no. 6; pp. 536 - 542
• Main Author: Seibert, Dorothy J.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: St. Louis, MO Mosby, Inc 01.12.1999; Mosby
• Subjects: Acinetobacter Infections - diagnosis; Acinetobacter Infections - drug therapy; Acinetobacter Infections - etiology; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - adverse effects; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - methods; Bacterial arthritis and osteitis; Bacterial diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Drug Therapy, Combination - therapeutic use; Follow-Up Studies; Human bacterial diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Male; Medical sciences; Osteoarthritis, Hip - diagnosis; Osteoarthritis, Hip - surgery; Risk Factors; Staphylococcal Infections - diagnosis; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; Staphylococcal Infections - etiology; Surgical Wound Infection - diagnosis; Surgical Wound Infection - drug therapy; Surgical Wound Infection - etiology; Treatment Outcome; Infection; Case study; Human; Pathophysiology; Prosthesis; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Total; Arthropathy; Superinfection; Review; Hip
• ISSN: 0196-6553; 1527-3296
• DOI: 10.1016/S0196-6553(99)70033-7

This article is a case report of a 69-year-old man who underwent a right total hip replacement procedure and developed a surgical site infection. Areas of concern in prevention and treatment of hip arthroplasty infection are presented, focusing on the pathophysiologic process involved. A review of the patient risk factors and the pathophysiologic action potentiating risk for infection include host immunity, nutritional status, diabetes, age, use of steroids or immunosuppressive drugs, rheumatoid arthritis, and urinary tract or other infections. The case report identifies the patient’s age, multiple instrumentation of the bladder resulting in bacteriuria and the reinfusion of 400 cc of autologous shed blood via cell saver, a controversial risk subject, as the primary risk factors for surgical site infection in this patient. Readmission to the hospital on day 16 after the operation was completed on identification of 2 pathogenic organisms, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus bio anitratus . The infection was successfully treated with oral ciprofloxacin and intravenous administration of tobramycin, preventing progression from superficial to deep infection and preserving the prothesis. (AJIC Am J Infect Control 1999;27:536-42)