The ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 is induced in MASLD and impairs the lipid-regulatory activity of PPARα

• Published in: Metabolism, clinical and experimental Vol. 151; p. 155720
• Main Authors: Clavreul, Ludivine, Bernard, Lucie, Cotte, Alexia K, Hennuyer, Nathalie, Bourouh, Cyril, Devos, Claire, Helleboid, Audrey, Haas, Joel T, Verrijken, An, Gheeraert, Céline, Derudas, Bruno, Guille, Loïc, Chevalier, Julie, Eeckhoute, Jérôme, Vallez, Emmanuelle, Dorchies, Emilie, Van Gaal, Luc, Lassailly, Guillaume, Francque, Sven, Staels, Bart, Paumelle, Réjane
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier 01.02.2024
• Subjects: Animals; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Disease Progression; Endocrinology and metabolism; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Fatty Liver - metabolism; Genomics; Human health and pathology; Humans; Hépatology and Gastroenterology; Life Sciences; Lipid Metabolism - genetics; Liver - metabolism; Metabolic Diseases - metabolism; Mice; PPAR alpha - metabolism; Ubiquitin - metabolism; Ubiquitins - metabolism; FAT10; MASH; MASLD; PPARα; Liver; UBD; Nuclear receptor; Lipid metabolism; PPAR ALPHA; NASH; Metabolism; NAFLD = Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
• ISSN: 0026-0495; 1532-8600
• DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155720

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) is a key regulator of hepatic lipid metabolism and therefore a promising therapeutic target against Metabolic-dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Diseases (MASLD). However, its expression and activity decrease during disease progression and several of its agonists did not achieve sufficient efficiency in clinical trials with, surprisingly, a lack of steatosis improvement. Here, we identified the Human leukocyte antigen-F Adjacent Transcript 10 (FAT10) as an inhibitor of PPARα lipid metabolic activity during MASLD progression. In vivo, the expression of FAT10 is upregulated in human and murine MASLD livers upon disease progression and correlates negatively with PPARα expression. The increase of FAT10 occurs in hepatocytes in which both proteins interact. FAT10 silencing in vitro in hepatocytes increases PPARα target gene expression, promotes fatty acid oxidation and decreases intra-cellular lipid droplet content. In line, FAT10 overexpression in hepatocytes in vivo inhibits the lipid regulatory activity of PPARα in response to fasting and agonist treatment in conditions of physiological and pathological hepatic lipid overload. FAT10 is induced during MASLD development and interacts with PPARα resulting in a decreased lipid metabolic response of PPARα to fasting or agonist treatment. Inhibition of the FAT10-PPARα interaction may provide a means to design potential therapeutic strategies against MASLD.