Preperitoneal fat deposition estimated by ultrasonography in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

• Published in: Diabetes research and clinical practice Vol. 43; no. 1; pp. 49 - 58
• Main Authors: Tayama, Kazumi, Inukai, Toshihiko, Shimomura, Yohnosuke
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Shannon Elsevier Ireland Ltd 1999; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging; Albuminuria - urine; Associated diseases and complications; Biological and medical sciences; Body Mass Index; C-Peptide - urine; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnostic imaging; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diet therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology; Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance; Diabetic Retinopathy - diagnostic imaging; Diabetic Triopathy; Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases); Endocrinopathies; Fasting - blood; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Insulin; Insulin - blood; Insulin - therapeutic use; Leptin; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neural Conduction - physiology; NIDDM; Peritoneum - diagnostic imaging; Proteins - analysis; Reference Values; Sensation - physiology; Skin - diagnostic imaging; Time Factors; Ultrasonography; Visceral fat; Visceral fat; Diabetic Triopathy; Insulin; Leptin; NIDDM; Endocrinopathy; Sonography; Human; Body mass index; Adipose tissue; Blood vessel; Echography; Complication; Non insulin dependent diabetes; Macroangiopathy; Visceral obesity
• ISSN: 0168-8227; 1872-8227
• DOI: 10.1016/S0168-8227(98)00118-1

Preperitoneal fat is an indicator of visceral fat deposition, which is closely related to atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in obese patients. We assessed the relationship of preperitoneal fat deposition and various clinical characteristics in 90 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Preperitoneal and subcutaneous fat deposition were measured by ultrasonography. In both the male and female diabetics, preperitoneal fat levels were significantly higher than in age-matched healthy subjects. We also determined blood pressures, fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A 1c, serum lipids, fasting immunoreactive insulin (FIRI), daily urinary C-peptide (CPR), serum leptin, urinary albumin excretion and body mass index (BMI). Of these parameters, BMI, FIRI, leptin and daily urinary CPR were positively correlated with preperitoneal fat deposition. Patients with diet therapy alone showed significantly higher preperitoneal fat levels than those receiving insulin therapy. In female, patients with increased preperitoneal fat showed higher prevalence of hypertension than those with decreased fat. Macroalbuminuric patients had a lower preperitoneal fat than microalbuminuric and normoalbuminuric patients. Patients with proliferative retinopathy exhibited lower preperitoneal fat than did those without retinopathy. Preperitoneal fat levels were positively correlated with motor or sensory nerve conduction velocity. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that in NIDDM patients, increased preperitoneal fat deposition is closely associated with obesity, hypertension and hyperinsulinemia, and negatively modulates diabetic microangiopathy including nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy.