Fabrication of glycated yeast cell protein via Maillard reaction for delivery of curcumin: improved environmental stability, antioxidant activity, and bioaccessibility

• Published in: Journal of the science of food and agriculture Vol. 103; no. 5; pp. 2544 - 2553
• Main Authors: Fu, Jing‐jing, Fu, Dong‐wen, Zhang, Guang‐yao, Zhang, Zhi‐hui, Xu, Xian‐bing, Song, Liang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 30.03.2023; John Wiley and Sons, Limited
• Subjects: agriculture; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Bioavailability; brewers yeast; Brewing yeast; byproducts; Conjugation; Curcumin; Curcumin - chemistry; dispersibility; Encapsulation; Environmental stress; Enzymic browning; Fabrication; fluorescence; Food industry; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Glucose; glycation; Glycosylation; Heat treatment; Heat treatments; hydrogen; Hydrogen bonding; Hydrophobicity; Maillard Reaction; nanocomplexes; Nanoparticles - chemistry; oxidative stability; Particle Size; Proteins; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Stability; Steric hindrance; Yeast; yeast cell protein; nanocomplexes; Maillard reaction; curcumin; yeast cell protein
• ISSN: 0022-5142; 1097-0010; 1097-0010
• DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12413

BACKGROUND The application of curcumin (CUR) in the food industry is limited by its instability, hydrophobicity and low bioavailability. Yeast cell protein (YCP) is a by‐product of spent brewer's yeast, which has the potential to deliver bioactive substances. However, the environmental stresses such as pH, salt and heat treatment has restricted its application in the food industry. Maillard reaction as a non‐enzymatic browning reaction can improve protein stability under environmental stress. RESULTS The CUR was successfully encapsulated into the hydrophobic core of YCP/glycated YCP (GYCP) and enhanced by hydrogen bonding, resulting in static fluorescence quenching of YCP/GYCP. The average diameter and dispersibility of GYPC−CUR nanocomplex were significantly improved after glucose glycation (121.40 nm versus 139.70 nm). Moreover, the encapsulation capacity of CUR was not influenced by glucose glycation. The oxidative stability and bioaccessibility of CUR in nanocomplexes were increased compared with free CUR, especially complexed with GYCP conjugates. CONCLUSION Steric hindrance provided by glucose conjugation improved the enviriomental stability, oxidative activity and bioaccessibility of CUR in nanocomplexes. Thus, glucose‐glycated YCP has potential application as a delivery carrier for hydrophobic compounds in functional foods. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.