Fluorescent Molecular Logic Gates Driven by Temperature and by Protons in Solution and on Solid

• Published in: Chemistry : a European journal Vol. 27; no. 52; pp. 13268 - 13274
• Main Authors: West, Matthew E. S., Yao, Chao‐Yi, Melaugh, Gavin, Kawamoto, Kyoko, Uchiyama, Seiichi, Silva, A. Prasanna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 15.09.2021
• Subjects: Chemistry; Copolymers; Electron transfer; Fluorescence; fluorescent PET switches; Gates; Isopropylacrylamide; Logic circuits; Microparticles; molecular computation; molecular computational identification; molecular logic; photoinduced electron transfer (PET); Protons; Silica; Silicon dioxide; Switches
• ISSN: 0947-6539; 1521-3765
• DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101892

Temperature‐driven fluorescent NOT logic is demonstrated by exploiting predissociation in a 1,3,5‐trisubstituted Δ2‐pyrazoline on its own and when grafted onto silica microparticles. Related Δ2‐pyrazolines become proton‐driven YES and NOT logic gates on the basis of fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) switches. Additional PASS 1 and YES+PASS 1 logic gates on silica are also demonstrated within the same family. Beside these small‐molecule systems, a polymeric molecular thermometer based on a benzofurazan‐derivatized N‐isopropylacrylamide copolymer is attached to silica to produce temperature‐driven fluorescent YES logic. A single family of compounds, 1,3,5‐triaryl‐Δ2‐pyrazolines, produces fluorescent logic gates in aqueous solution and on solid silica microparticles with H+ and temperature as inputs. H+‐driven YES, PASS 1, YES+PASS 1, NOT, as well as temperature‐driven NOT gates are demonstrated. H+‐driven logic gates are based on photoinduced electron transfer (PET), whereas the temperature‐driven cases depend on C(5)−N(1) predissociation. Temperature‐driven YES logic gates based on polyacrylamide polymers alongside push–pull benzofurazans are also introduced for tagging solid particles.