Optimization of the inter-tablet coating uniformity for an active coating process at lab and pilot scale

• Published in: International journal of pharmaceutics Vol. 457; no. 1; pp. 1 - 8
• Main Authors: Just, Sarah, Toschkoff, Gregor, Funke, Adrian, Djuric, Dejan, Scharrer, Georg, Khinast, Johannes, Knop, Klaus, Kleinebudde, Peter
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 30.11.2013
• Subjects: Active film coating; Benzimidazoles - chemistry; Coating uniformity; Design of experiments; Drug Compounding - instrumentation; Drug Compounding - methods; drugs; experimental design; gastrointestinal system; Nifedipine - chemistry; nozzles; Spray nozzles; Tablet coating; Tablets; Tetrazoles - chemistry; Uniformity of dosage units; Tablet coating; Active film coating; Spray nozzles; Coating uniformity; Design of experiments; Uniformity of dosage units
• ISSN: 0378-5173; 1873-3476
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.09.010

The objective of this study was to enhance the inter-tablet coating uniformity in an active coating process at lab and pilot scale by statistical design of experiments. The API candesartan cilexetil was applied onto gastrointestinal therapeutic systems containing the API nifedipine to obtain fixed dose combinations of these two drugs with different release profiles. At lab scale, the parameters pan load, pan speed, spray rate and number of spray nozzles were examined. At pilot scale, the parameters pan load, pan speed, spray rate, spray time, and spray pressure were investigated. A low spray rate and a high pan speed improved the coating uniformity at both scales. The number of spray nozzles was identified as the most influential variable at lab scale. With four spray nozzles, the highest CV value was equal to 6.4%, compared to 13.4% obtained with two spray nozzles. The lowest CV of 4.5% obtained with two spray nozzles was further reduced to 2.3% when using four spray nozzles. At pilot scale, CV values between 2.7% and 11.1% were achieved. Since the test of uniformity of dosage units accepts CV values of up to 6.25%, this active coating process is well suited to comply with the pharmacopoeial requirements.