Experimental study on the effect of copper oxide nanoparticles on thermophysical properties of ethylene glycol–water for using in indirect heater at city gate stations

• Published in: Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry Vol. 135; no. 1; pp. 73 - 82
• Main Authors: Rahmati, A. R., Reiszadeh, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.01.2019; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aerodynamics; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Conduction heating; Copper; Copper oxides; Dimensional analysis; Ethylene glycol; Ethylene glycols; Fluid dynamics; Fluid flow; Gas flow; Glycols (Class of compounds); Heat transfer; Heat transfer coefficients; Inorganic Chemistry; Laboratory equipment; Measurement Science and Instrumentation; Nanofluids; Nanoparticles; Physical Chemistry; Physical properties; Polymer Sciences; Temperature gradients; Thermophysical properties; Transfer stations; Water; Indirect heater; Air; Gas compressibility fluid; Heat transfer; Copper oxide nanofluid
• ISSN: 1388-6150; 1588-2926
• DOI: 10.1007/s10973-017-6946-4

This study aimed to investigate the increase in heat transfer in the indirect heater at a city gate station (CGS) with the addition of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles to water–ethylene glycol base fluids. Indirect heaters are typically used at CGSs to raise the heat transfer coefficient of output gas flow from − 5 to 15 °C. Moreover, manufacturing laboratory equipment in the presence of water–ethylene glycol base fluid and the nanoparticle in volume fractions of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 at a temperature of 40–70 °C was discussed using dimensional simulation and analysis. The physical properties of the base fluid and nanofluid were measured using precise devices. Heat transfer tests for the base and nanofluid, as well as replacing of the air by gas, were conducted in a simulated and developed device. According to the obtained results with respect to the changes in convection and conduction heat transfer, enhancement of temperature difference at a rate of 36% was observed in the indirect heater with nanoparticle volume concentration of 0.2% at a temperature of 70 °C. Moreover, the Nusselt number showed a relatively good agreement with theoretical discussions.