Experimental mandibular Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis; antibody response and treatment with dicloxacillin

• Published in: International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery Vol. 15; no. 5; pp. 620 - 628
• Main Authors: Köndell, P.Å., Granström, M., Heimdahl, A., Möllby, R., Nord, C.E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier Ltd 01.10.1986; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Antibacterial agents; antibiotics; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; antibody; Biological and medical sciences; Dentistry; Dicloxacillin - therapeutic use; experimental; Immunoglobulin G - analysis; Mandibular Diseases - drug therapy; Mandibular Diseases - immunology; Mandibular Diseases - pathology; Medical sciences; osteomyelitis; Osteomyelitis - drug therapy; Osteomyelitis - immunology; Osteomyelitis - pathology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Rabbits; Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy; Staphylococcal Infections - immunology; Staphylococcal Infections - pathology; Staphylococcus aureus; Teichoic Acids - pharmacology; Time Factors; Type C Phospholipases - pharmacology; osteomyelitis; experimental; antibody; antibiotics; staphylococcus aureus; Human; Mandible; Stomatology; Lactam; Immunity; Infection; Penicillin derivatives; Antibiotic; Chemotherapy; Osteitis; Bacteriosis; Bacteria; Micrococcales; ENT disease; Micrococcaceae; Antibacterial agent; Staphylococcal infection; Staphylococcus aureus
• ISSN: 0901-5027; 1399-0020
• DOI: 10.1016/S0300-9785(86)80069-2

Staphylococcus aureus mandibular osteomyelitis was produced in 20 rabbits by injection of a sclerosing agent and 1 × 10 9 colony-forming units of Staphylococcus aureus V8 into the medullary cavity of the mandible. After 2 weeks all rabbits developed infections. 10 of the rabbits were then treated with dicloxacillin (22.5 mg/kg body weight) every 12 h for 7 days and 10 were left untreated. The animals were sacrified after 8 weeks and histopathological examination was performed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure IgG response against staphylococcal teichoic acid and alpha-toxin during the observation period. In the treated group, there was a decrease in clinical symptoms after the treatment period, while in the untreated group, progression of the infection was a common finding. At the end of the treatment period, Staphylococcus aureus V8 could not be recovered from aspirates obtained from animals in the treatment group, while in the non-treatment group, Staphylococcus aureus V8 could be recovered from abscesses in 6 rabbits. Both in the treated group and in the untreated group, the rabbits showed increasing IgG titers against teichoic acid and alpha-toxin during the first 2–3 weeks. No significant differences in antibody response patterns were noted between the treated and untreated groups and no clear correlation between the immunological response and the severity of the disease was observed.