Biliary retention in a chronic choledocho-venous fistula in the rat: Induction of portal hypertension but not of biliary cirrhosis

• Published in: Journal of hepatology Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 110 - 116
• Main Authors: Zimmermann, Heinz, Reichen, Jürg, Sägesser, Hans, Tenisch, Brigitte, Zimmermann, Arthur
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier B.V 01.08.1993; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aminopyrine - analysis; Aminopyrine breath test; Animals; Biliary Fistula; Biliary Tract Diseases - complications; Biliary Tract Diseases - metabolism; Bilirubin - blood; Biological and medical sciences; Breath Tests; Chronic Disease; Cytochrome P-450; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Hypertension, Portal - etiology; Hypertension, Portal - metabolism; Inert solute clearance; Lipid Metabolism; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary - etiology; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary - metabolism; Liver. Biliary tract. Portal circulation. Exocrine pancreas; Male; Medical sciences; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Microsomal lipids; Microsomes, Liver - metabolism; Morphometry; Obstruction; Other diseases. Semiology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Veins; Inert solute clearance; Microsomal lipids; Morphometry; Obstruction; Aminopyrine breath test; Cytochrome P-450; Rat; Enzyme; Bile salt; Diseases of portal circulation; Cytochrome P450; Rodentia; Cardiovascular disease; Hepatic disease; Biliary cirrhosis; Biliary tract disease; Retention; Vascular disease; Vertebrata; Experimental disease; Mammalia; Hepatocyte; Animal; Portal hypertension; Digestive diseases; Bile
• ISSN: 0168-8278; 1600-0641
• DOI: 10.1016/S0168-8278(05)80184-9

In this study we investigated whether the retention of compounds which are excreted into the bile could contribute to portal hypertension in secondary biliary cirrhosis. Choledochovenous fistulas were grown in rats for 4 weeks. 6/13 of the animals had biochemical evidence of partial obstruction. Microsomal function, as measured by the aminopyrine breath test, was decreased in all animals with biliary retention while microsomal cytochrome P-450 content was decreased only in rats with evidence of obstruction. All animals with biliary retention with or without partial obstruction had portal hypertension. Animals with biliary retention and partial obstruction had hypercholeresis but decreased bile salt excretion. All animals with a chronic catheter in the biliary tree had a loss of the negative permselectivity of the sinusoidal-canalicular barrier and decreased maximal bile secretory pressure. Only animals with biochemical evidence of obstruction had moderate fibrosis and ductular proliferation as determined by stereological techniques. Unexpectedly, morphometric analysis also revealed an increase in hepatocyte mass induced by biliary retention. We conclude that bile contains a compound(s) which induces portal hypertension. This putative substance is neither bilirubin nor a bile acid since portal hypertension was also observed in animals with biliary retention without obstructive signs.