Comparative Bioaccumulation of PAH and BTEX in Malapterurus electricus (Siluriformes: Malapteruridae) and its Enteric Parasite, Electrotaenia malopteruri Sampled from Lekki Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria

• Published in: Brazilian journal of biology Vol. 81; no. 4; pp. 1081 - 1094
• Main Authors: Isibor, P O, Akeredolu, E, Samuel, O B, Abayomi, A, Olaleru, F, Akinsanya, B, Emezie, P, Are, F N, Saliu, J K
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Instituto Internacional de Ecologia 01.10.2021
• Subjects: acenaphthylene; Adhesives; Animal tissues; Animals; Antioxidants; Benzene; Benzene - analysis; Benzene Derivatives; Bioaccumulation; BIOLOGY; Biomarkers; Catalase; Catfishes; Chlorobenzene; Contamination; Dichlorobenzene; electric fish; Ethylbenzene; Fish; Gas chromatography; Glutathione; histopathology; Intestine; Ionization; Ionization counters; Lagoons; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Malapteruridae; Malapterurus electricus; Male; Malondialdehyde; Nigeria; Oxidative stress; p-Xylene; Parasites; Parasitic diseases; Peroxidation; Pesticides; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; pyrene; Sediment samplers; Sediments; Siluriformes; Superoxide dismutase; Toluene; Xylene; Xylenes; Nigeria; histopatologia; estresse oxidativo; acenaphthylene; acenaftileno; pireno; electric fish; histopathology; bioacumulação; peixes elétricos; bioaccumulation; pyrene; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 1519-6984; 1678-4375; 1678-4375
• DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.236827

Contamination of Lekki lagoon by petrogenic chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) has been widely reported. The study was aimed at investigating the bioaccumulation of PAH and BTEX in Malapterurus electricus collected from Lekki lagoon in Lagos, Nigeria. BTEX was analyzed in the intestine, water, and sediment samples using 8260B Agilent 7890B gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). While PAHs were tested in the same media using a gas chromatograph coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Histopathological analysis of the fish intestine was conducted using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stains. Parasite intensity, antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation activities were investigated in the fish. The parasitic infection detected in Malapterurus electricus was Electrotaenia malopteruri. The parasite showed weak and no depurative capacities for BTEX and PAH respectively. The decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in conjunction with an increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA) characterized relatively higher susceptibility among the male fish. Varieties of tissue injuries increased with the standard length of the fish groups. Results suggest that lengthier and uninfected M. electricus were more susceptible to PAH in Lekki lagoon than the shorter and infected ones. The study demonstrated a promising tendency of the enteric parasite, E. malopteruri to depurate chlorobenzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m+p-xylene, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene from the intestine of its host fish, M. electricus, while PAHs were poorly mediated by the parasite.