Secure advanced video coding based on selective encryption algorithms

• Published in: IEEE transactions on consumer electronics Vol. 52; no. 2; pp. 621 - 629
• Main Authors: Shiguo Lian, Shiguo Lian, Zhongxuan Liu, Zhongxuan Liu, Zhen Ren, Zhen Ren, Haila Wang, Haila Wang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.05.2006; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Algorithms; Automatic voltage control; Coding; Compressing; Cryptography; Distributed control; Electronics; Encoding; Encryption; Entropy; Entropy coding; Mathematical analysis; Perception; Protection; Streaming media; Video coding; Video compression; Video sharing
• ISSN: 0098-3063; 1558-4127
• DOI: 10.1109/TCE.2006.1649688

Advanced video coding is recently announced and widely used, although the according protection means have not been developed thoroughly. In this paper, a secure AVC coding scheme is presented based on some partial encryption algorithms. During AVC encoding, such sensitive data as intra-prediction mode, residue data and motion vector are encrypted partially. Among them, the infra-prediction mode is encrypted based on exp-Golomb entropy coding, the intra-macroblocks' DCs are encrypted based on context-based adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and infra-macroblocks' ACs and the inter-macroblocks' MVDs are sign-encrypted with a stream cipher followed with variable-length coding. This encryption scheme is secure in perception, keeps format compliance, and obtains high time efficiency though reducing the encrypted data volumes. These properties make it practical to incorporate encryption/decryption process into compression/decompression process, and thus suitable for secure video transmission or sharing.