Cytogenetic characterization of alpaca (Lama pacos, fam. Camelidae) prometaphase chromosomes

The present study provides specific cytogenetic information on prometaphase chromosomes of the alpaca (Lama pacos, fam. Camelidae, 2n = 74) that forms a basis for future work on karyotype standardization and gene mapping of the species, as well as for comparative studies and future genetic improveme...

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Published inCytogenetic and genome research Vol. 115; no. 2; pp. 138 - 144
Main Authors Di Berardino, D., Nicodemo, D., Coppola, G., King, A.W., Ramunno, L., Cosenza, G.F., Iannuzzi, L., Di Meo, G.P., Balmus, G., Rubes, J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel, Switzerland S. Karger AG 01.01.2006
Subjects
Animals
Camelidae
Camelids, New World - genetics
Camelus - genetics
Camelus dromedarius
Chromosome Banding
Chromosomes - genetics
Chromosomes - ultrastructure
Female
In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
Karyotyping - veterinary
Lama pacos
Male
Original Article
Prometaphase
Sex Chromosomes - genetics
Sex Chromosomes - ultrastructure
Species Specificity
Staining and Labeling
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Summary:The present study provides specific cytogenetic information on prometaphase chromosomes of the alpaca (Lama pacos, fam. Camelidae, 2n = 74) that forms a basis for future work on karyotype standardization and gene mapping of the species, as well as for comparative studies and future genetic improvement programs within the family Camelidae. Based on the centromeric index (CI) measurements, alpaca chromosomes have been classified into four groups: group A, subtelocentrics, from pair 1 to 10; group B, telocentrics, from pair 11 to 20; group C, submetacentrics, from pair 21 to 29; group D, metacentrics, from pair 30 to 36 plus sex chromosomes. For each chromosome pair, the following data are provided: relative chromosome length, centromeric index, conventional Giemsa staining, sequential QFQ/C-banding, GTG- and RBG-banding patterns with corresponding ideograms, RBA-banding and sequential RBA/silver staining for NOR localization. The overall number of RBG-bands revealed was 391. Nucleolus organizer-bearing chromosomes were identified as pairs 6, 28, 31, 32, 33 and 34. Comparative ZOO-FISH analysis with camel (Camelus dromedarius) X and Y painting probes was also carried out to validate X-Y chromosome identification of alpaca and to confirm close homologies between the sex chromosomes of these two species.
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ISSN:1424-8581
1424-859X
DOI:10.1159/000095234