HLA‐A23/HLA‐A24 serotypes and dementia interaction in the elderly: Association with increased soluble HLA class I molecules in plasma

• Published in: HLA Vol. 102; no. 6; pp. 660 - 670
• Main Authors: Cardoso, Elsa M., Lourenço‐Gomes, Vânia, Esgalhado, André J., Reste‐Ferreira, Débora, Oliveira, Nádia, Amaral, Ana Saraiva, Martinho, António, Gama, Jorge M. R., Verde, Ignácio, Lourenço, Olga, Fonseca, Ana M., Buchli, Rico, Arosa, Fernando A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.12.2023
• Subjects: Alzheimer's; biomarkers; dementia; immunoregulation; MHC; neurodegeneration; Parkinson's; soluble HLA class I; Parkinson's; biomarkers; neurodegeneration; MHC; dementia; immunoregulation; Alzheimer's; soluble HLA class I
• ISSN: 2059-2302; 2059-2310
• DOI: 10.1111/tan.15149

MHC class I molecules regulate brain development and plasticity in mice and HLA class I molecules are associated with brain disorders in humans. We investigated the relationship between plasma‐derived soluble human HLA class I molecules (sHLA class I), HLA class I serotypes and dementia. A cohort of HLA class I serotyped elderly subjects with no dementia/pre‐dementia (NpD, n = 28), or with dementia (D, n = 28) was studied. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the influence of dementia and HLA class I serotype on sHLA class I levels, and to compare sHLA class I within four groups according to the presence or absence of HLA‐A23/A24 and dementia. HLA‐A23/A24 and dementia, but not age, significantly influenced the level of sHLA class I. Importantly, the concurrent presence of HLA‐A23/A24 and dementia was associated with higher levels of sHLA class I (p < 0.001). This study has shown that the simultaneous presence of HLA‐A23/HLA‐A24 and dementia is associated with high levels of serum sHLA class I molecules. Thus, sHLA class I could be considered a biomarker of neurodegeneration in certain HLA class I carriers.