Progesterone maintains the status of granulosa cells and slows follicle development partly through PGRMC1

• Published in: Journal of cellular physiology Vol. 234; no. 1; pp. 709 - 720
• Main Authors: Yuan, Xiao‐Hua, Yang, Chun‐Rong, Wang, Xi‐Ning, Zhang, Li‐Li, Gao, Xiao‐Rui, Shi, Zi‐Yun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.01.2019
• Subjects: Ablation; Caspase; Cholesterol; Differentiation; follicle development; Granulosa cells; Inflammation; Intracellular signalling; Oxidizing agents; Pregnenolone; Progesterone; progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1); Proteins; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; siRNA; Steroidogenesis; Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein; follicle development; steroidogenesis; granulosa cells; progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1); progesterone
• ISSN: 0021-9541; 1097-4652
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26869

Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) mediates antimitotic and antiapoptotic actions of progesterone in granulosa cells, which indicates that PGRMC1 may play a key role in maintaining the status of granulosa cells. The current study investigated the effects of progesterone on intracellular signaling involved in differentiation, follicle development, inflammatory responses, and antioxidation, and determined the role of PGRMC1 in these processes. Our results demonstrated that progesterone slowed follicle development and inhibited p‐ERK1/2, p‐p38, caspase‐3, p‐NF‐κB, and p‐IκB‐α signals involved in differentiation, steroidogenesis, and inflammatory responses in granulosa cells. Progesterone inhibited the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein and the cholesterol side‐chain cleavage enzyme and decreased pregnenolone production. A PGRMC1 inhibitor and a PGRMC1 small interfering RNA ablated these inhibitory effects of progesterone. Interfering with PGRMC1 functions also decreased cellular antioxidative effects induced by an oxidant. These results suggest that PGRMC1 might play a critical role in maintaining the status of granulosa cells and balancing follicle numbers. Progesterone maintains the status of granulosa cells and slows follicle development partly through progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1).