De Novo Gain‐Of‐Function Variations in LYN Associated With an Early‐Onset Systemic Autoinflammatory Disorder

• Published in: Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) Vol. 75; no. 3; pp. 468 - 474
• Main Authors: Louvrier, Camille, El Khouri, Elma, Grall Lerosey, Martine, Quartier, Pierre, Guerrot, Anne‐Marie, Bader Meunier, Brigitte, Chican, Julie, Mohammad, Malaïka, Assrawi, Eman, Daskalopoulou, Aphrodite, Arenas Garcia, Angela, Copin, Bruno, Piterboth, William, Dastot Le Moal, Florence, Karabina, Sonia A., Amselem, Serge, Giurgea, Irina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston, USA Wiley Periodicals, Inc 01.03.2023; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Arthralgia; Atopic dermatitis; Biomarkers; Dermatitis; Gain of Function Mutation; Genetics; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Inflammatory diseases; Isoforms; Kinases; Neonates; NF-kappa B - metabolism; Pathogenicity; Pathogens; Phosphorylation; Protein-tyrosine kinase; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Residues; src-Family Kinases - genetics; src-Family Kinases - metabolism; Tyrosine; Urticaria; Variation
• ISSN: 2326-5191; 2326-5205; 2326-5205
• DOI: 10.1002/art.42354

Objective To identify the molecular basis of a severe systemic autoinflammatory disorder (SAID) and define its main phenotypic features, and to functionally assess the sequence variations identified in LYN, a gene encoding a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase. Methods We used targeted next‐generation sequencing and in vitro functional studies of Lyn phosphorylation state and Lyn‐dependent NF‐κB activity after expression of recombinant Lyn isoforms carrying different sequence variations. Results We identified a de novo LYN variation (p.Tyr508His) in a patient presenting since birth with recurrent fever, chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, arthralgia, increased inflammatory biomarkers, and elevated plasma cytokine levels. We studied the consequences on Lyn phosphorylation state of the p.Tyr508His variation and of the 2 LYN variations reported so far (p.Tyr508Phe and p.Tyr508*), and found that all 3 variations prevent phosphorylation of residue 508 and lead to autophosphorylation of Tyr397. Additionally, these 3 LYN variations activate the NF‐κB pathway. These results show a gain‐of‐function effect of the variations involving Tyr508 on Lyn activity. Conclusion This study demonstrates the pathogenicity of the first 3 LYN variations identified in SAID patients and delineates the phenotypic spectrum of a disease entity characterized by severe, early‐onset, systemic inflammatory disease affecting neonates with no family history of SAID. All 3 LYN variations affect the same tyrosine residue located in the C‐terminus of Lyn, thereby demonstrating the critical role of this residue in the proper regulation of Lyn activity in humans.