Assessment of the mutagenicity of two common indoor air pollutants, formaldehyde and toluene

Traditionally, direct‐reading instruments have been used to directly determine the concentrations of indoor air pollutants that may exceed the regulation limits. However, these instruments cannot directly assess the potential health hazards of these pollutants to humans. In this study, we developed...

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Published inIndoor air Vol. 31; no. 5; pp. 1353 - 1363
Main Authors Chen, Po‐Wen, Kuo, Tai‐Chen, Liu, Zhen‐Shu, Lu, Hung‐Fu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Hindawi Limited 01.09.2021
Subjects
air pollutants
Air pollution
Air quality
Ames test
C7H8
Evaluation
Exposure
Hazard assessment
HCHO
Health hazards
Indoor air pollution
Indoor air quality
Indoor environments
Modules
Mutagenicity
Mutation
Pollutants
Time dependence
Toluene
mutagenicity
HCHO
C7H8
Ames test
air pollutants
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Summary:Traditionally, direct‐reading instruments have been used to directly determine the concentrations of indoor air pollutants that may exceed the regulation limits. However, these instruments cannot directly assess the potential health hazards of these pollutants to humans. In this study, we developed and improved a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) by using a direct gas exposure module to directly determine the mutagenicity of indoor air quality using five tester bacterial strains (TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1535, and TA1537). Thereafter, the module was used to evaluate the effects of exposure time, different concentrations of HCHO or toluene, and mutagenic activities. We found that TA100 was the most sensitive strain and was reverted by relatively lower concentrations of 0.035 ppm HCHO. Furthermore, 50 ppm of toluene exposures caused a significant increase in the number of revertant colonies of TA100 without S9 activation at the 1.5–8‐h exposure time intervals. Our findings provide new evidence that gaseous HCHO exposure could display weak but direct, time‐dependent, and dose‐dependent mutagenic activities. The weak, direct‐acting, indirect‐acting, and time‐dependent mutagen of 50 ppm toluene was also confirmed. Moreover, our improved Ames module and the exposure conditions provided in this study can be further applied to evaluate the mutagenicity of indoor air quality.
ISSN:0905-6947
1600-0668
DOI:10.1111/ina.12832