Quantitative proteomics in medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A proof‐of‐concept study

• Published in: Oral diseases Vol. 29; no. 5; pp. 2117 - 2129
• Main Authors: Lorenzo‐Pouso, Alejandro I., Bravo, Susana B., Carballo, Javier, Chantada‐Vázquez, María del Pilar, Bagán, José, Bagán, Leticia, Chamorro‐Petronacci, Cintia M., Conde‐Amboage, Mercedes, López‐López, Rafael, García‐García, Abel, Pérez‐Sayáns, Mario
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Denmark Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.07.2023
• Subjects: Bioinformatics; biomarker discovery; Biomarkers; Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw - diagnosis; Body fluids; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Bones; Consumers; Denosumab; Diphosphonates; Gelatinase B; Humans; Jaw; Medical diagnosis; Medical prognosis; MRONJ; Necrosis; Osteonecrosis; prevention; prognosis; Proteins; Proteome; Proteomes; Proteomics; Saliva; Vesicle fusion; saliva; proteomics; MRONJ; biomarker discovery; prognosis; prevention
• ISSN: 1354-523X; 1601-0825; 1601-0825
• DOI: 10.1111/odi.14201

Objective Medication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a paradoxical effect associated with bone‐modifying agents (BMAs) and other drugs. Currently, no valuable diagnostic or prognosis biomarkers exist. The goal of this research was to study MRONJ‐related salivary proteome. Materials and Methods This case–control aimed to study salivary proteome in MRONJ versus control groups (i) formed from BMAs consumers and (ii) healthy individuals to unravel biomarkers. Thirty‐eight samples of unstimulated whole saliva (18 MRONJ patients, 10 BMA consumers, and 10 healthy controls) were collected. Proteomic analysis by SWATH‐MS coupled with bioinformatics analysis was executed. Results A total of 586 proteins were identified, 175 proteins showed significant differences among MRONJ versus controls. SWATH‐MS revealed differentially expressed proteins among three groups, which have never been isolated. These proteins had distinct roles including cell envelope organization, positive regulation of vesicle fusion, positive regulation of receptor binding, or regulation of low‐density lipoprotein particle clearance. Integrative analysis prioritized 3 proteins (MMP9, AACT, and HBD). Under receiver‐operating characteristic analysis, this panel discriminated MRONJ with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 78.9%. Conclusion These findings may inform a novel biomarker panel for MRONJ prediction or diagnosis. Nonetheless, further research is needed to validate this panel.