Species‐specific role of gene‐adjacent retroelements in human and mouse gastric carcinogenesis

Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection promotes the recruitment of bone marrow stem cells into chronic gastritis lesions. Some of these marrow stem cells can differentiate into gastric epithelial cells and neoplastic cells. We propose that HP‐associated methylation could stabilize trans‐differentiation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational journal of cancer Vol. 142; no. 8; pp. 1520 - 1527
Main Authors Rhyu, Mun‐Gan, Oh, Jung‐Hwan, Hong, Seung‐Jin
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 15.04.2018
Subjects
aging
animal model
Animals
Bone marrow
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogenesis - genetics
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Chronic infection
DNA methylation
Epigenetics
Epithelial cells
Gastric cancer
Gastritis
Health risks
Helicobacter Infections - genetics
Helicobacter pylori
Helicobacter pylori - pathogenicity
Humans
Invasiveness
Lesions
Medical research
Metastases
Metastasis
Methylation
Mice
retroelements
Retroelements - genetics
Risk taking
Species diversity
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Stomach Neoplasms - genetics
DNA methylation
stem cells
aging
gastric cancer
retroelements
animal model
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Summary:Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection promotes the recruitment of bone marrow stem cells into chronic gastritis lesions. Some of these marrow stem cells can differentiate into gastric epithelial cells and neoplastic cells. We propose that HP‐associated methylation could stabilize trans‐differentiation of marrow‐derived stem cells and that an unstable methylation status is associated with a risk of gastric cancer. Pathobiologic behavior of experimental mouse gastric cancer is mild compared to invasive and metastatic human gastric cancer. Differences in epigenetic stabilization of adult cell phenotypes between humans and mice could provide a foundation to explore the development of invasive and metastatic gastric cancer. Retroelements are highly repetitive sequences that play an essential role in the generation of species diversity. In this review, we analyzed retroelements adjacent to human and mouse housekeeping genes and proposed a possible epigenetic mechanism for HP‐associated carcinogenesis.
Bibliography:Conflict of Interests
The authors confirm that this article content has no conflict of interest.
ISSN:0020-7136
1097-0215
DOI:10.1002/ijc.31120