Role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE) in the Malfunctioning of Dental Implants

• Published in: West Indian medical journal Vol. 64; no. 4; pp. 419 - 423
• Main Authors: Guo, M, Lin, L, Zhang, J, Liu, M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Jamaica University of the West Indies 01.09.2015
• Subjects: Dental Forum
• ISSN: 0043-3144; 2309-5830
• DOI: 10.7727/wimj.2014.105

In the last decade, dental implants have emerged as a crucial modality and serve as an individual form of therapy for dental failure. However, disparities in host responses have led to peri-implantitis and implant failure. The pathological mechanisms driving peri-implantitis remain largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated the role of oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products (AGE) in the progression of peri-implantitis and dental implants failure, compared with chronic periodontal disease. Three patient groups (peri-implantitis, chronic periodontal disease and control), each with 10 subjects (7M/3F) and average age ranging from 40-60 years were selected for analysis. Salivary oxidative stress and tissue AGE levels were analysed by probing for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Maillard reaction-related fluorescence, respectively. We observed significant increase (> 2-fold) in oxidative stress and AGE levels in patients with peri-implantitis and chronic periodontal disease compared to controls, with chronic periodontal disease having the highest levels. In addition, we observed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.94) between oxidative stress and AGE levels in the patients. We propose that increased AGE levels and oxidative stress, although not the only pathway, are significant mediators in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis. Altering them may potentially be used in combination with other modalities to manage peri-implantitis.