Heterogeneity in brain distribution of activated microglia and astrocytes in a rat ischemic model of Alzheimer's disease after 2 years of survival

The present study was designed to follow neuroinflammation after ischemic brain injury in the long-term survival rat model. Immunohistochemistry was performed 2 years after 10 min global brain ischemia due to cardiac arrest. For the visualization of the cellular inflammatory reaction microglial mark...

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Published inAging (Albany, NY.) Vol. 12; no. 12; pp. 12251 - 12267
Main Authors Radenovic, Lidija, Nenadic, Marija, Ułamek-Kozioł, Marzena, Januszewski, Sławomir, Czuczwar, Stanisław J, Andjus, Pavle R, Pluta, Ryszard
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Impact Journals 05.06.2020
Subjects
Alzheimer Disease - immunology
Alzheimer Disease - pathology
Animals
Astrocytes - immunology
Brain Ischemia - complications
Brain Ischemia - immunology
Disease Models, Animal
Female
Hippocampus - cytology
Hippocampus - immunology
Hippocampus - pathology
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Microglia - immunology
Rats
Research Paper
Time Factors
brain ischemia
aging
Alzheimer’s disease
neuroinflammation
glia
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Summary:The present study was designed to follow neuroinflammation after ischemic brain injury in the long-term survival rat model. Immunohistochemistry was performed 2 years after 10 min global brain ischemia due to cardiac arrest. For the visualization of the cellular inflammatory reaction microglial marker Iba1 and astrocyte marker GFAP were used. In post-ischemic animals our study revealed significant activation of astrocytes in all tested brain regions (hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas and dentate gyrus, motor and somatosensory cortex, striatum and thalamus), while microglial activation was only found in CA1 and CA3 areas, and the motor cortex. In the specifically sensitive brain areas microglia and astrocytes showed simultaneously significant activation, while in the resistant brain areas only astrocytes were activated. Thus, there was clear evidence of less intensive neuroinflammation in brain areas resistant to ischemia. Such neuroinflammatory processes are backed by microglia and astrocytes activity even up to 2 years after ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. Our study thus revealed a chronic effect of global cerebral ischemia on the neuroinflammatory reaction in the rat brain even 2 years after the insult.
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ISSN:1945-4589
1945-4589
DOI:10.18632/aging.103411