Rapid Development of Achalasia After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis of Esophageal Muscle Tissue

INTRODUCTION:Achalasia has been linked to viruses. We have observed cases of rapid-developing achalasia post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).METHODS:We aimed to prospectively evaluate esophageal muscle for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) from patients with rapid-onse...

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Published inThe American journal of gastroenterology Vol. 119; no. 5; pp. 987 - 990
Main Authors Samo, Salih, Hamo, Falak, Hamza, Ameer, Yadlapati, Rena, Kahrilas, Peter J., Wozniak, Ann
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Philadelphia, PA Wolters Kluwer 01.05.2024
Wolters Kluwer Health Medical Research, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Subjects
Adult
Aged
Asymptomatic
Biopsy
Chicken pox
Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins
COVID-19 - complications
COVID-19 vaccines
Cytokines
Esophageal Achalasia - virology
Esophagus
Esophagus - virology
Female
Gastroenterology
Humans
Immunoglobulins
Infections
Inflammation
Inflammatory bowel disease
Male
Middle Aged
Pharmaceuticals
Phosphoproteins - metabolism
Polymerase chain reaction
Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods
Prospective Studies
Proteins
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Viral infections
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
achalasia
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Summary:INTRODUCTION:Achalasia has been linked to viruses. We have observed cases of rapid-developing achalasia post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).METHODS:We aimed to prospectively evaluate esophageal muscle for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) from patients with rapid-onset achalasia post-COVID-19 and compare them with achalasia predating COVID-19 and achalasia with no COVID-19.RESULTS:Compared with long-standing achalasia predating COVID-19 and long-standing achalasia with no COVID-19, the subjects with achalasia post-COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of messenger RNA for the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, which correlated with a significant increase in the inflammatory markers NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 and tumor necrosis factor.DISCUSSION:SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, is a possible trigger for achalasia.
Bibliography:Correspondence: Salih Samo, MD, MS. E-mail: ssamo@kumc.edu.SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL accompanies this paper at http://links.lww.com/AJG/D167 and http://links.lww.com/AJG/D168
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ISSN:0002-9270
1572-0241
1572-0241
DOI:10.14309/ajg.0000000000002669