A Rare Case of an Eosinophilic Pleural Effusion and Loculated Ascites Associated with Strongyloides stercoralis Hyperinfection Syndrome in California

Introduction. Strongyloides stercoralis causes a helminthic infection that occurs via penetration of the skin with migration to the bloodstream, tracheobronchial tree, and gastrointestinal system. Pulmonary manifestations are rare and are typically seen in immunosuppressed patients who have Strongyl...

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Published inCase reports in pulmonology Vol. 2024; pp. 6652207 - 5
Main Authors Phan, Alexander T., Buxton, Luke, Choudhery, Mohammad Waqas, Ghantarchyan, Henrik, Converse, Curtis
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Hindawi 2024
Hindawi Limited
Subjects
Abdomen
Antibodies
Ascites
Blood
Case Report
Cellular biology
Dehydrogenases
Immunoglobulins
Infections
Laboratories
Liver cirrhosis
Neutrophils
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
Patients
Pleural effusion
Syphilis
Tomography
Ultrasonic imaging
United States > US
California
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Summary:Introduction. Strongyloides stercoralis causes a helminthic infection that occurs via penetration of the skin with migration to the bloodstream, tracheobronchial tree, and gastrointestinal system. Pulmonary manifestations are rare and are typically seen in immunosuppressed patients who have Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome. Eosinophilic pleural effusions are rare in strongyloidiasis and only cited in a few case reports. Case Presentation. A 45-year-old male with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus, alcoholic cirrhosis, and end-stage renal disease presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and dyspnea. Imaging studies demonstrated large bilateral pleural effusions, and he subsequently underwent an ultrasound-guided thoracentesis on the right hemithorax, yielding an exudative eosinophilic pleural effusion. An extensive hematology, gastroenterology, and infectious work-up was pursued. Strongyloides immunoglobulin G was positive, and he was successfully treated with ivermectin. Discussion. Eosinophilic pleural effusions related to strongyloidiasis are exceedingly rare. Clinicians should consider Strongyloides stercoralis infection as a part of the differential diagnosis when evaluating immunosuppressed patients with eosinophilic pleural effusions. Loculated abdominal fluid may also be a rare manifestation of Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Case Study-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
content type line 23
ObjectType-Report-1
Academic Editor: Tun-Chieh Chen
ISSN:2090-6846
2090-6854
DOI:10.1155/2024/6652207