Impact of dietary anthocyanins on systemic and vascular inflammation: Systematic review and meta-analysis on randomised clinical trials

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology Vol. 135; p. 110922
• Main Authors: Fallah, Aziz A., Sarmast, Elham, Fatehi, Parichehr, Jafari, Tina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2020
• Subjects: adhesion; Adiponectin; Adiponectin - blood; Adiponectin - metabolism; Animals; Anthocyanins; Anthocyanins - pharmacology; bioactive compounds; Biomarkers - blood; Biomarkers - metabolism; C-reactive protein; Clinical Trials as Topic - statistics & numerical data; Cytokines - blood; Cytokines - metabolism; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - diet therapy; Inflammation - metabolism; Inflammatory markers; intercellular adhesion molecule-1; interleukin-1beta; interleukin-6; Meta-analysis; randomized clinical trials; systematic review; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; vascular cell adhesion molecules; Anthocyanins; Inflammation; Inflammatory markers; Adiponectin; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110922

Anthocyanins are natural bioactive compounds that have several health benefits. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the impact of dietary anthocyanins on markers of systemic and vascular inflammation. Meta-analysis of 32 randomised controlled trials indicated that dietary anthocyanins significantly decreased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP; −0.33 mg/l, 95% CI: −0.55 to −0.11, P = 0.003), interleukin-6 (IL-6; −0.41 ρg/ml, 95% CI: −0.70 to −0.13, P = 0.004), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α; −0.64 ρg/ml, 95% CI: −1.18 to −0.09, P = 0.023), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (−52.4 ng/ml, 95% CI: −85.7 to −19.1, P = 0.002), and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1; −49.6 ng/ml, 95% CI: −72.7 to −26.5, P < 0.001) while adiponectin level was significantly increased (0.75 μg/ml, 95% CI: 0.23 to 1.26, P = 0.004). The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β; −0.45 ρg/ml, 95% CI: −3.77 to 2.88, P = 0.793) and P-selectin (−6.98 ng/ml, 95% CI: −18.1 to 4.15, P = 0.219) did not significantly change. Subgroup analyses showed that administration of higher doses of anthocyanins (>300 mg/day) significantly decreased levels of CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and VCAM-1. The results indicate that dietary anthocyanins reduce the levels of systemic and vascular inflammation in the subjects. •Dietary anthocyanins significantly reduced serum levels of CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1.•Dietary anthocyanins significantly increased serum level of adiponectin.•Anthocyanin doses of >300 mg/day are more useful to ameliorate inflammation in the subjects.