Unveiling the origin of the large coercivity in (Nd, Dy)-Fe-B sintered magnets
Abstract Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnets are widely used for energy conversion applications. However, their usage at elevated temperatures is difficult due to the relatively low coercivity ( H c ) with respect to the anisotropy field ( H A ) of the Nd 2 Fe 14 B compound, which is typically 0.2 H A ....
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Published in | NPG Asia materials Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 50 - 13 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Tokyo
Nature Publishing Group
29.09.2023
Nature Portfolio |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Abstract
Nd-Fe-B-based permanent magnets are widely used for energy conversion applications. However, their usage at elevated temperatures is difficult due to the relatively low coercivity (
H
c
) with respect to the anisotropy field (
H
A
) of the Nd
2
Fe
14
B compound, which is typically 0.2
H
A
. In this work, we found that the coercivity of an (Nd
0.8
Dy
0.2
)-Fe-B sintered magnet could reach 0.4
H
A
, which was twice as high as the
H
c
/
H
A
of its Dy-free counterpart. Detailed microstructural characterizations, density functional theory and micromagnetic simulations showed that the large value of coercivity,
H
c
= 0.4
H
A
, originated not only from the enhanced
H
A
of the main phase (intrinsic factor) but also from the reduced magnetization of the thin intergranular phase (extrinsic factor). The latter was attributed to the dissolution of 4 at.% Dy in the intergranular phase that anti-ferromagnetically coupled with Fe. The reduction in the magnetization of the intergranular phase resulted in a change in the angular dependence of coercivity from the Kondorsky type for the Dy-free magnet to the Stoner–Wohlfarth-like shape for the Dy-containing magnet, indicating that the typical pinning-controlled coercivity mechanism began to show nucleation features as the magnetization of the intergranular phase was reduced by Dy substitution. |
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ISSN: | 1884-4057 1884-4049 1884-4057 |
DOI: | 10.1038/s41427-023-00498-5 |