Acute Administration of Chitosan Nanoparticles Increases Ca2+ Leak in Rat Cardiomyocytes

• Published in: Journal of nano research Vol. 28; pp. 29 - 38
• Main Authors: Mondragón-Flores, Ricardo, González-Pozos, Sirenia, Rueda, Angélica, Miranda-Saturnino, Miyamin J., Sridharan, M., de Alba-Aguayo, David Ramiro, Narasimhan, Gayathri
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Zurich Trans Tech Publications Ltd 06.06.2014; Trans Tech Publications
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Biotechnology; Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology; Exact sciences and technology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Materials science; Methods of nanofabrication; Methods. Procedures. Technologies; Nanocrystalline materials; Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization; Others; Physics; Various methods and equipments; Heart; Ryanodine Receptor; Chitosan Nanoparticles; Calcium Leak; Calcium Sparks; Drugs; calcium leak; Chitosan nanoparticles; Confocal microscopy; Drug carrier; heart; Nanoparticles; calcium sparks; Chitosan; ryanodine receptor; Nanostructured materials; Medical application; Nanomaterial synthesis
• ISSN: 1662-5250; 1661-9897; 1661-9897
• DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/JNanoR.28.29

Polymeric nanoparticles like chitosan nanoparticles may be used to deliver drugs to particular organs, such as heart. However, due to the lack of information about acute effects of chitosan nanoparticles in cardiac calcium handling, we evaluated the same in intact rat left ventricular myocytes. Chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized by ionic gelation method for three different concentrations of chitosan and tripolyphosphate (TPP) such as 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1, respectively. The size of the particles was below 100 nm for the 2:1 and 3:1 chitosan:TPP ratio and 300 nm for 1:1 ratio. The particles synthesized in 3:1 ratio were incubated for 0, 15, 30 and 60 minutes with Fluo-3 loaded cardiomyocytes, their effects were evaluated in local Ca2+ release events using confocal microscopy and compared with control cells. Chitosan nanoparticles increased the amplitude and size of Ca2+ spark by 14.1% and 24.1% at 30 minutes of incubation; while the increment was 24.7% and 28.4% at 60 minutes respectively. Accordingly, rising time of Ca2+ sparks was decreased by 47% at 30 minutes. These changes were reflected in increased local Ca2+ flux by 58.3% and spark-mediated Ca2+ leak by 145.9% and 146.5% at 30, and 60 minutes, respectively. Hence, these results indicate that chitosan nanoparticles modify the properties of local Ca2+ release events mainly at short incubation times and must be taken into account while using these nanoparticles in drug delivery.