WATER MASER SURVEY ON AKARI AND IRAS SOURCES: A SEARCH FOR “LOW-VELOCITY” WATER FOUNTAINS

• Published in: The Astrophysical journal Vol. 769; no. 1; pp. 1 - 18
• Main Authors: Yung, Bosco H K, Nakashima, Jun-ichi, Imai, Hiroshi, Deguchi, Shuji, Henkel, Christian, KWOK, SUN
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 20.05.2013
• Subjects: ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND ASTRONOMY; Asymptotic properties; ASYMPTOTIC SOLUTIONS; Deviation; Envelopes; Evolution; EXPANSION; MASERS; MASS TRANSFER; OXYGEN; RADIO TELESCOPES; SENSITIVITY; SPHERICAL CONFIGURATION; STAR EVOLUTION; STARS; STELLAR WINDS; SYMMETRY; TRANSIENTS; VELOCITY; WATER; Water masers
• ISSN: 0004-637X; 1538-4357
• DOI: 10.1088/0004-637X/769/1/20

We present the results of a 22 GHz H sub(2)O maser survey toward a new sample of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) and post-AGB star candidates. Most of the objects are selected for the first time based on the AKARI data, which have high flux sensitivity in the mid-infrared ranges. We aim at finding H sub(2)O maser sources in the transient phase between the AGB and post-AGB stages of evolution, where the envelopes start to develop large deviations from spherical symmetry. The observations were carried out with the Effelsberg 100 m radio telescope. Among 204 observed objects, 63 detections (36 new) were obtained. We found four objects that may be "water fountain" sources (IRAS 15193+3132, IRAS 18056-1514, OH 16.3-3.0, and IRAS 18455+0448). They possess an H sub(2)O maser velocity coverage much smaller than those in other known water fountains. However, the coverage is still larger than that of the 1612 MHz OH maser. It implies that there is an outflow with a higher velocity than the envelope expansion velocity (typically [< or =, slant]25 km s super(-1)), meeting the criterion of the water fountain class. We suggest that these candidates are possibly oxygen-rich late AGB or early post-AGB stars in a stage of evolution immediately after the spherically symmetric AGB mass loss has ceased.