Accuracy of Eyewitness Identification is significantly associated with performance on a standardized test of face recognition

• Published in: International journal of law and psychiatry Vol. 30; no. 3; pp. 213 - 223
• Main Authors: Morgan, Charles A., Hazlett, Gary, Baranoski, Madelon, Doran, Anthony, Southwick, Steven, Loftus, Elizabeth
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01.05.2007
• Subjects: Adult; Criminology; Emotions; Evidence; Experiments; Face; Humans; Identification; Male; Memory; Mental stress; Military Personnel; Observation; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Psychology; Reliability; Stress, Psychological; Task Performance and Analysis; United States; Victims of crime; United States
• ISSN: 0160-2527; 1873-6386
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2007.03.005

This study assessed the relationship between Eyewitness Accuracy regarding a person met under conditions of high stress and performance on a standardized, neutral test of memory for human faces. Fifty-three U.S. Army personnel were exposed to interrogation stress. Forty-eight hours later, participants were administered the Weschler Face Test and then asked to identify the one interrogator who they had encountered 48 h earlier. A significant positive relationship was observed between performance on the Weschler Face Test and performance on the Eyewitness task. Inaccurate eyewitnesses exhibited more False Negative errors when performing the Weschler Face Test. Trait ability to remember human faces may be related to how accurately people recall faces that are associated with highly emotional circumstances. Detection probability methods, such as ROC curve analyses, may be of assistance to forensic examiners, the police, and the courts, when assessing the probability that eyewitness evidence is accurate.