Dietary variety relates to gut microbiota diversity and abundance in humans

• Published in: European journal of nutrition Vol. 61; no. 8; pp. 3915 - 3928
• Main Authors: Huang, Xueran, Gao, Yongfen, Chen, Wanrong, Hu, Qiantu, He, Zouyan, Wang, Xi, Li, Dan, Lin, Rui
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Abundance; Alistipes; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Coprococcus; cross-sectional studies; Dietary intake; Food consumption; food frequency questionnaires; Food intake; Generalized linear models; Gut microbiota; Intestinal microflora; intestinal microorganisms; linear models; Microbiota; Nutrition; nutritive value; Original Contribution; phylotype; Probiotics; Roseburia; rRNA 16S; Gut microbiota; Cumulative effect; Dietary diversity; Index of nutritional quality; Dietary variety score
• ISSN: 1436-6207; 1436-6215; 1436-6215
• DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02929-5

Purpose We aim to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and dietary variety in a Chinese population using Dietary Variety Score (DVS), an index of dietary variety, as little has studied the relationship of dietary variety and gut microbiota in a general population. Methods In this cross-sectional study, recruited participants were conducted with face-to-face interview to collect information on 24-h food intake and dietary consumption using a valid food frequency questionnaire. Subjects ( n  = 128) were divided as high and low DVS groups by the median of DVS after rigorously matching for confounding factors. The gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing and the correlations between key phylotypes and DVS, Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) and clinical indices were examined using generalized linear model in negative binomial regression. Results Higher score of DVS, INQVB6, INQVE and INQZn exhibited higher α-diversity. DVS was correlated with INQ and six genera. Among the DVS-correlated genera, Turicibacter , Alistipes and Barnesiella were positively correlated with INQVE, INQZn and INQCu, individually or in combination, while Cetobacterium was negatively correlated with INQCu, INQZn and INQVE. The abundance of Coprococcus and Barnesiella increased with the elevated cumulative scores of INQVE, INQVB6 and INQZn. The combination of Alistipes , Roseburia and Barnesiella could moderately predict dietary variety status. Conclusion Higher DVS was correlated with higher microbial diversity and more abundance of some potentially beneficial bacteria but with less some potentially pathogenic bacteria. A high variety dietary, therefore, should be recommended in our daily life.