Towards inclusive growth in Africa: Remittances, and financial development interactive effects and thresholds

• Published in: Journal of multinational financial management Vol. 68; p. 100798
• Main Authors: Ofori, Isaac K., Gbolonyo, Emmanuel Y., Toyo Dossou, Marcel A., Nkrumah, Richard K., Nkansah, Emmanuel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.06.2023
• Subjects: Africa; Financial development; GMM; Inclusive growth; Income inequality; Remittances; Inclusive growth; GMM; F22; G21; Africa; F24; I3; O11; O55; Income inequality; N27; Financial development; Remittances
• ISSN: 1042-444X; 1873-1309
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mulfin.2023.100798

The study employs macro data for 42 African countries to examine the interactive and threshold effects of financial development in the remittances-inclusive growth relationship. First, evidence based on the system GMM estimator shows that remittances are not statistically significant in promoting inclusive growth in Africa. Notably, across the economic growth and income inequality dimensions of inclusive growth, we find that although remittances are ineffective in boosting the former, they deepen the latter. Second, we find that Africa’s underdeveloped financial sector dampens the marginal positive effect of remittances on inclusive growth. Third, our threshold analysis indicates that for financial development to interact with complementary policies to foster inclusive growth in Africa, a minimum threshold of 14.5% is required. We conclude by informing policy on the level of investments needed for financial development to promote fairer income growth and distribution in Africa. •The study examines the effect of remittances on inclusive growth in Africa.•The focus is on 42 African countries for the period 1996 – 2020.•Remittances are not significant for promoting inclusive growth.•Africa’s underdeveloped financial sector conditions remittances to reduce inclusive growth.•A minimum threshold of 14.5% for financial development is required for complementary policies to foster inclusive growth.