Selectivity of Iodosulfuron-Methyl Association with ACCase Inhibitors and 2.4-D in Wheat and Barley Crops

• Published in: Advances in Weed Science Vol. 36
• Main Authors: KARPINSKI, R.A.K., SILVA, A.A.P., HELVIG, E.O., MACIEL, C.D.G., LUSTOSA, S.B.C., SPADER, V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Jaboticabal Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas, UFV - Depto de Fitotecnia 01.01.2018; Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas
• Subjects: Agricultural production; Auxins; Barley; Cereal crops; Cereals; Crop yield; Crops; Cultivars; Experiments; Formulations; Grain; Herbicides; Hordeum vulgare; Inhibitors; Intoxication; Liliopsida; Oats; PLANT SCIENCES; Selectivity; tank mixtures; Triticum aestivum; Weeds; Wheat; Winter; Brazil; Rio Grande do Sul Brazil; mistura em tanque; tank mixtures; Hordeum vulgare; Triticum aestivum; intoxication; intoxicação
• ISSN: 0100-8358; 1806-9681; 1806-9681; 2675-9462
• DOI: 10.1590/s0100-83582018360100026

This research aimed to assess the selectivity of treatments involving the commercial formulations tank mixtures of iodosulfuron-methyl with herbicides ACCase inhibitors (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl and clethodim) and synthetic auxins (2.4-D), applied in post-emergence of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) crops. Three experiments were conducted in the field, during the 2014 crop year. A randomized complete block design was used with 11 treatments and five replications. Treatments consisted of (g ha-1): 1) iodosulfuron-methyl (6.5), 2) fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (82.5), 3) fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + clethodim (55 + 54); 4) 2.4-D (335), 5, 6 e 7) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (6.5 + 82.5; 6.5 + 110 and 6.5 + 165), 8) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop + clethodim (6.5 + 55 + 54), 9) iodosulfuron + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2.4-D (6.5 + 110 + 335), 10) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + clethodim + 2.4-D (6.5 + 82.5 + 72 + 335) and 11) check without weeds. Associations of iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (6.5 + 82.5; 6.5 + 110 and 6.5 + 165 g ha-1) associations, as well as of iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2.4-D (6.5 + 110 + 335 g ha-1) were selective for BRS Campeiro and BRS Gralha azul wheat cultivars and did not feature symptoms of intoxication and significant losses in grain yield and hectoliter weight, when compared to the treatment with no application. For BRS Brau barley cultivar, only iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl associations, in doses of 6.5 + 82.5 and 6.5 + 110 g ha-1 were feasible for selectivity. Clethodim addition in iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl or iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2.4-D associations caused negative effects for wheat and barley crops. Commercial formulation of iodosulfuron-methyl (Hussar™) resulted in protection for damage effects of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Podium EW™) for studied crops. RESUMO: A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a seletividade de tratamentos envolvendo a mistura em tanque de formulações comerciais de iodosulfuron-methyl com herbicidas inibidores da ACCase (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl e clethodim) e auxinas sintética (2,4-D), aplicados em pós-emergência das culturas do trigo (Triticum aestivum) e cevada (Hordeum vulgare). Três experimentos foram conduzidos em campo, durante a safra agrícola de 2014. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 11 tratamentos e 5 repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por (g ha-1): 1) iodosulfuron-methyl (6,5), 2) fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (82,5), 3) fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + clethodim (55,0 + 54,0); 4) 2,4-D (335,0); 5, 6 e 7) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (6,5 + 82,5, 6,5 + 110,0 e 6,5 + 165,0); 8) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + clethodim (6,5 + 55,0 + 54,0); 9) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2,4-D (6,5 + 110,0 + 335,0); 10) iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + clethodim + 2,4-D (6,5 + 82,5 + 72,0 + 335,0); e 11) testemunha capinada. As associações de iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (6,5 + 82,5, 6,5 + 110,0 e 6,5 + 165,0 g ha-1), assim como de iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2,4-D (6,5 + 110,0 + 335,0 g ha-1), foram seletivas para os cultivares de trigo BRS Campeiro e BRS Gralha Azul, não apresentando sintomas de intoxicação e perdas significativas na produtividade e no peso hectolitro dos grãos. Para a cevada BRS Brau, apenas as associações de iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, nas doses de 6,5 + 82,5 e 6,5 + 110,0 g ha-1, foram viáveis em relação à seletividade. A adição de clethodim nas associações de iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl ou iodosulfuron-methyl + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl + 2,4-D teve efeitos negativos para as culturas de trigo e cevada. A formulação comercial de iodosulfuron (Hussar™) proporcionou proteção aos efeitos deletérios do fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Podium EW™) para as culturas estudadas.