Optimal Selection of Seed-Trees Using the Multi-Objective NSGA-II Algorithm and a Seed Dispersal Model

Optimal seed-tree selection during natural regeneration of shade-intolerant species requires ensuring an ample and uniform seed supply from residual trees with the smallest possible seed-tree density. Here, we propose a novel approach for seed-tree selection using the genetic algorithm. Data are der...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inForests Vol. 15; no. 3; p. 499
Main Authors Nanos, Nikos, Garcia-del-Rey, Eduardo, Gil, Luis
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.03.2024
Subjects
Algorithms
Coefficient of variation
Decision making
Density
Dispersal
Dispersion
Environmental aspects
Forest management
forest management planning
Genetic algorithms
Growth
Homogeneity
Multiple objective analysis
optimization
Pine
Reduction
Seed dispersal
seed-tree
Seeds
Sorting algorithms
Trees
Spain
Canary Islands
Tenerife
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Summary:Optimal seed-tree selection during natural regeneration of shade-intolerant species requires ensuring an ample and uniform seed supply from residual trees with the smallest possible seed-tree density. Here, we propose a novel approach for seed-tree selection using the genetic algorithm. Data are derived from a 3-hectare even-aged stand of Pinus canariensis C.Sm. ex DC, comprising 364 mature trees and 103 seed-traps. Seeds were collected in 2007 and 2008. After constructing a seed-dispersal model for each seed-crop year, we employ the multi-objective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm to identify the smallest seed-tree set that maximizes post-treatment seed supply and its spatial homogeneity. Optimal solutions range from a maximum of 68.4% to a minimum of 38.1% reduction in stand density, resulting in a 59.5% to 28% reduction in post-felling seed supply. The coefficient of variation of among-site seed-flux varies from 28% to 59.5%. Proposing a treatment involving the removal of 240 trees (65.9% stand-density reduction) and leaving 40 seed-trees per hectare, our findings provide insights into balancing the conflicting objectives of sufficient post-treatment seed supply at a minimum seed-tree density. This approach marks a departure from traditional practices, as the decision about which trees to cut is historically left to the discretion of field managers.
ISSN:1999-4907
1999-4907
DOI:10.3390/f15030499