Alginate Hydrogels as Scaffolds and Delivery Systems to Repair the Damaged Spinal Cord

• Published in: Biotechnology journal Vol. 14; no. 12; pp. e1900275 - n/a
• Main Authors: Grijalvo, Santiago, Nieto‐Díaz, Manuel, Maza, Rodrigo M., Eritja, Ramón, Díaz, David Díaz
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany 01.12.2019
• Subjects: alginate; Alginates - chemistry; Alginates - therapeutic use; Animals; Biocompatible Materials - therapeutic use; biomaterial; Bioprinting; central nervous system; Central Nervous System - injuries; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Hydrogels - chemistry; Hydrogels - therapeutic use; Microspheres; neural tissue engineering; Regeneration; Regenerative Medicine; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries - therapy; spinal cord injury; Tissue Engineering - methods; Tissue Scaffolds; Wound Healing; alginate; spinal cord injury; neural tissue engineering; biomaterial; regenerative medicine; bioprinting; central nervous system
• ISSN: 1860-6768; 1860-7314
• DOI: 10.1002/biot.201900275

Alginate (ALG) is a lineal hydrophilic polysaccharide present in brown algae cell walls, which turns into a gel state when hydrated. Gelation readily produces a series of three dimensional (3D) architectures like fibers, capillaries, and microspheres, used as biosensors and bio‐actuators in a plethora of biomedical applications like drug delivery and wound healing. Hydrogels have made a great impact on regenerative medicine and tissue engineering because they are able to mimic the mechanical properties of natural tissues due to their high water content. Recent advances in neurosciences have led to promising strategies for repairing and/or regenerating the damaged nervous system. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is particularly challenging, owing to its devastating medical, human, and social consequences. Although effective therapies to repair the damaged spinal cord (SC) are still lacking, multiple pharmacological, genetic, and cell‐based therapies are currently under study. In this framework, ALG hydrogels constitute a source of potential tools for the development of implants capable of promoting axonal growth and/or delivering cells or drugs at specific damaged sites, which may result in therapeutic strategies for SCI. In this mini‐review, the current state of the art of ALG applications in neural tissues for repairing the damaged spinal cord is discussed. Alginate‐based hydrogels can help in repairing the damaged spinal cord, providing scaffold for axonal regeneration and delivery system for cell, drug, and gene therapies. This article is part of an AFOB (Asian Federation of Biotechnology) Special issue. To learn more about the AFOB visit www.afob.org.