A mini review on hydrogels classification and recent developments in miscellaneous applications

• Published in: Materials Science & Engineering C Vol. 79; pp. 958 - 971
• Main Authors: Varaprasad, Kokkarachedu, Raghavendra, Gownolla Malegowd, Jayaramudu, Tippabattini, Yallapu, Murali Mohan, Sadiku, Rotimi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.10.2017; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Application; Classification; Crosslinking; Crosslinking polymerization; Fabrication; Hydrogels; Hydrogels - chemistry; Materials science; Methods of fabrication; Raw materials; Raw materials; Hydrogels; Methods of fabrication; Application; Classification
• ISSN: 0928-4931; 1873-0191; 1873-0191
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.096

Hydrogels are composed of three-dimensional smart and/or hungry networks, which do not dissolve in water but swell considerably in an aqueous medium, demonstrating an extraordinary ability to absorb water into the reticulated structure. Such inherent feature is a subject of considerable scientific research interest which leads to a dominating path in extending their potential in hi-tech applications. Over the past decades, significant progress has been made in the field of hydrogels. Further, explorations are continuously being made in all directions at an accelerated pace for their extensive usage. In view of this, the present review discusses the subject on the miscellaneous hydrogels with regard to their raw materials, methods of fabrication and applications. In addition, this article summarizes the classification of hydrogels, based on their cross-linking and physical states. Lately, a brief outlook on the future prospects of hydrogels is also presented. [Display omitted] •Classification of hydrogels based on physical and chemical cross-linking networks•Classification of hydrogels based on physical states (solid/semi-solid/liquid)•Fabrication of hydrogels was clearly stated by raw materials, methods & applications.•A brief outlook on the future prospects of hydrogels is also presented.