Genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of ivermectin and amoxicillin in vivo systems

• Published in: Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Vol. 70; p. 103196
• Main Authors: de Sousa, Francielle Aparecida, de Morais, Cássio Resende, Vieira, Jéssica Soares, Maranho, Lavínia Sales, Machado, Francielli Lara, Pereira, Samanta, Barbosa, Lilian Cristina, Coelho, Humberto Eustáquio, Campos, Carlos Fernando, Bonetti, Ana Maria
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.08.2019; Elsevier Science Ltd
• Subjects: Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin - toxicity; Animals; Antibiotics; Antiparasitic agents; Antiparasitic Agents - toxicity; Antiparasitic substances; Carcinogenicity; Carcinogens; Carcinogens - toxicity; Carcinoma - chemically induced; Chronic exposure; DNA Damage; Drosophila melanogaster; Drosophila melanogaster - drug effects; Drosophila melanogaster - genetics; Ectoparasites; Endoparasites; Epithelial tumor; Female; Females; Genomic instability; Genotoxicity; In vivo methods and tests; Ivermectin; Ivermectin - toxicity; Larva - drug effects; Larva - genetics; Larvae; Male; Males; Micronuclei; Micronucleus; Mutagenicity; Mutagenicity Tests; Mutagens - toxicity; Organic chemistry; Parasite control; Stability; Tradescantia; Tradescantia - drug effects; Tradescantia - genetics; Tumors; Mutagenicity; Antiparasitic substances; Epithelial tumor; Micronucleus
• ISSN: 1382-6689; 1872-7077
• DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103196

[Display omitted] •Ivermectin showed genotoxic and carcinogenic potential in Tradescantia pallida and Drosophila melanogaster.•Amoxicillin did not present genotoxic and carcinogenic potential.•D. melanogaster and T. pallida are excellent model organisms for the screening of mutagenic xenobiotics. Antiparasitic substances are chemicals used to control or kill endoparasites and ectoparasites. Based on the premise that Ivermectin (IVM) and Amoxicillin (AMX) are commonly considered in parasitic control in mammals, the present study aimed to evaluate the carcinogenic and genotoxic potential of different concentrations of IVM and AMX through the detection of epithelial tumor test in Drosophila melanogaster. Third-instar larvae descending from the cross between wts/TM3, Sb1 females and mwh/mwh males were treated with different concentrations of IVM (2.9, 5.8, 11.6 and 23.2 x 10−17 mM) or AMX (1.37, 2.74, 5.48 and 10.9 x 10−16mM). The results revealed that IVM increased the frequency of epithelial tumor in D. melanogaster considering all evaluated concentrations, while AMX showed no carcinogenic effect. Furthermore, the Micronucleus (MN) test in Tradescantia pallida was used to evaluate the genotoxic effect of IVM and AMX. T. pallida individuals were exposed for 8 hours at different concentrations of IVM (5.71, 11.42, 22.84 and 45.68 x 10−5mM) or AMX (5.13, 10.26, 20.52 and 41.05 x 10−3mM). Findings showed an increase in the frequency of micronuclei in T. pallida treated with 11.42, 22.84 and 45.68 x 10−5mM of IVM. We conclude that chronic exposure to IVM is directly associated with events resulting from genetic instability (genotoxicity and carcinogenicity). On the other hand, AMX was neither carcinogenic nor genotoxic for D. melanogaster and T. pallida.