Relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive function in elderly subjects with complaints of memory loss

• Published in: Stroke (1970) Vol. 36; no. 10; pp. 2193 - 2197
• Main Authors: HANON, Olivier, HAULON, Sylvie, LENOIR, Hermine, SEUX, Marie-Laure, RIGAUD, Anne-Sophie, SAFAR, Michel, GIRERD, Xavier, FORETTE, Francoise
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hagerstown, MD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 01.10.2005
• Subjects: Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease - pathology; Arteries - pathology; Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research); Biological and medical sciences; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Blood Pressure; Cardiology. Vascular system; Cognition - physiology; Cognition Disorders - pathology; Cohort Studies; Dementia - diagnosis; Dementia, Vascular - pathology; Diseases of the aorta; Female; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Memory Disorders - diagnosis; Memory Disorders - pathology; Middle Aged; Neurology; Neuropsychological Tests; Odds Ratio; Regression Analysis; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system; Vascular Resistance; Human; Hypertension; Stroke; Nervous system diseases; Cognitive disorder; Memory; Cardiovascular disease; Cerebral disorder; Vascular disease; Central nervous system disease; Elderly; Cerebrovascular disease; cognitive disorders
• ISSN: 0039-2499; 1524-4628
• DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000181771.82518.1c

To evaluate the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive function in a population of elderly subjects reporting memory loss. We studied the association between cognitive function and arterial stiffness in 308 consecutive elderly subjects attending a geriatric outpatient clinic reporting memory impairment. Subjects were classified into 4 categories according to neuropsychological evaluation: normal cognitive function, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer disease (AD), or vascular dementia (VaD). Arterial stiffness was evaluated by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement using Complior. In this population, 78+/-8 years of age (women 64%), AD was present in 41%, VaD in 6%, MCI in 27%, and 26% of subjects had normal cognitive function. After adjustment for age, gender, systolic blood pressure, education level, cardiovascular diseases, and antihypertensive therapy, a significant association was observed between PWV and cognitive status (P<0.0001). PWV appears significantly higher in subjects with VaD (15.2+/-3.9 m/s) or AD (13.3+/-2.9 m/s) than in those without cognitive impairment (11.5+/-2.0 m/s; P<0.001). Moreover, PWV was higher in subjects with MCI (12.6+/-2.6 m/s) than in those without cognitive impairment (11.5+/-2.0 m/s; P=0.01). For each 2 m/s increment in PWV, the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) was 1.73 (1.27 to 2.47) for AD and 3.52 (1.87 to 8.05) for VaD. Our results showed a relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment, suggesting that functional changes of the arterial system could be involved in the onset of dementia (VaD or AD types).