Narrative review of the history of microsurgery in urological practice
The clinical need for magnified visualization during surgery spurred the evolution of microscope and microsuture technology. Innovative surgeons across various surgical specialties recognized the importance of utilizing and advancing these technologies. Operative microscopy allows human dexterity to...
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Published in | Translational andrology and urology Vol. 10; no. 4; pp. 1780 - 1791 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
China
AME Publishing Company
01.04.2021
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The clinical need for magnified visualization during surgery spurred the evolution of microscope and microsuture technology. Innovative surgeons across various surgical specialties recognized the importance of utilizing and advancing these technologies. Operative microscopy allows human dexterity to perform beyond direct visual limitations. Microsurgery started in otolaryngology and ophthalmology, became popular in reconstruction and transplantation, and was then adopted in urology. Microsurgery in urology involves renal and penile revascularization, penile transplantation and free flap phalloplasty, testicular autotransplantation, reproductive tract reconstruction of the vas deferens and epididymis, varicocele repair, and sperm retrieval. By examining the peer reviewed and lay literature, this review discusses the history of microsurgery and its subsequent development as a subspecialty in urology. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 Contributions: (I) Conception and design: All authors; (II) Administrative support: GM Buncke, PJ Turek; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: All authors; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: ML Chen, PJ Turek; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: All authors; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. |
ISSN: | 2223-4691 2223-4683 2223-4691 |
DOI: | 10.21037/tau-20-1441 |