In vitro and in vivo investigation for biological activities of neoagarooligosaccharides prepared by hydrolyzing agar with β-agarase

• Published in: Biotechnology and bioprocess engineering Vol. 22; no. 4; pp. 489 - 496
• Main Authors: Hong, Sun Joo, Lee, Je-Hyeon, Kim, Eun Joo, Yang, Hea Jung, Chang, Yong-Keun, Park, Jae-Seon, Hong, Soon-Kwang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Seoul The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering 01.08.2017; Springer Nature B.V; 한국생물공학회
• Subjects: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; Acarbose; Agar; Agarase; alpha-amylase; alpha-glucosidase; Amylases; Antibacterial activity; antibacterial properties; antioxidant activity; Bacteria; beta-agarase; Biocompatibility; Biosynthesis; Biotechnology; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Cytotoxicity; Genetic recombination; Glucosidase; Gram-positive bacteria; In vitro methods and tests; In vivo methods and tests; in vivo studies; Industrial and Production Engineering; Investigations; Melanin; Melanocytes; mice; Research Paper; Streptomyces coelicolor; Studies; Toxicity; Tyrosinase; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase; 생물공학; α-glucosidase inhibition; antibacterial activity; melanin biosynthesis; antioxidant activity; tyrosinase inhibition; neoagarooligosaccharides
• ISSN: 1226-8372; 1976-3816
• DOI: 10.1007/s12257-017-0049-8

Our study investigated the biological functions of three neoagarooligosaccharides (NAOs), neoagarobiose (NA2), neoagarotetraose (NA4), and neoagarohexaose (NA6). NAOs were prepared by hydrolyzing agar with the recombinant β-agarases, DagA and DagB, from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). An in vitro DPPH (diphenyl-2,4,6-trinitrophenyliminoazanium) radical scavenging assay revealed that none of the NAOs had any significant antioxidative activity. We also assessed the antibacterial activity of each NAO against several gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. This revealed weak effects against four of the seven tested strains. NAO treatment resulted in significant inhibition of α-glucosidase, with the strongest effect observed in a NA4 and NA6 mixture, and a decreasing effect was observed in the order NA2>NA4>NA6. Little inhibition was observed against α-amylase, with an effect significantly lower than that of acarbose. No observable cytotoxicity was found in immortalized Melan-a mouse melanocytes by NAO treatment up to a concentration of 2,000 μg/mL. However, melanin synthesis was significantly reduced by NAO treatment, with the strongest effect observed in a NA4 and NA6 mixture and decreasing effects observed in the order NA6>NA4>NA2. The tyrosinase activity of Melan-a cells was also consistently decreased by NAO treatment. Among the tested factors, treatment of NA4 and NA6 mixture showed the highest inhibition effects against α-glucosidase and tyrosinase, and melanin biosynthesis. Further in vivo study to investigate the role of NAO in these biological functions will be necessary for future biotechnological applications.