Circulating Extracellular MicroRNAs in Blood and Saliva Are a New Source of Biomarkers in the Assessment of Health Effects of Traditional Korean Diet (P15-003-19)

• Published in: Current developments in nutrition Vol. 3; no. Supplement_1; p. nzz037.P15-003-19
• Main Authors: Choi, Sang-Woon, Kim, Myung-Sunny, Kwon, Dae Young, Lee, Hae-Jeung, Park, Seon-Joo, Chun, Sukyung, Shin, Phil-Kyung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2019; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Biomarkers; blood; cardiovascular diseases; diabetes; Diet; Fatty liver; gene expression regulation; health effects assessments; healthy diet; Korean Peninsula; Metabolism; microRNA; MicroRNAs; non-coding RNA; Nutrient-Gene Interactions; nutritional intervention; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; saliva; women; Korean Peninsula
• ISSN: 2475-2991; 2475-2991
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz037.P15-003-19

Over the past decades current Korean diet has been rapidly modified to the Western style, which might be responsible for the increased risk of metabolic diseases in Korea, whereas the traditional Korean diet (K-diet) has been reported as metabolically and epigenetically healthy diet. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that affect posttranscriptional regulation and circulating miRs have been regarded as next generation biomarkers of many health conditions. We therefore determined whether extracellular miRs can be useful biomarkers to determine the health effects of K-diet. Ten obese perimenopausal women were recruited and randomly divided into either K-diet group (n = 5) or control diet (a Westernized Korean diet) group (n = 5). Subjects were housed in a metabolic unit like condition for 2 weeks of dietary intervention. Blood and saliva samples were collected before and after the intervention and circulating miRs were extracted using Qiagen miRNeasy kit. After 84 circulating miRs were detected with miScript miRNA PCR Array, miRs with statistical significance were validated with individual RT-PCRs. In the K-diet group significantly down-regulated plasma miRs were hsa-miR126-3p, hsa-miR18a-5p, hsa-miR19b-3p, hsa-miR107, hsa-miR148a-3p, hsa-miR26b-5p, hsa-miR374a-5p and hsa-miR26a-5p, which are known to be associated with type 1 or 2 diabetes or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Among them hsa-miR126-3p (P = 0.0158) and hsa-miR26a-5p (P = 0.0348) were validated by RT-PCR. In the control group plasma hsa-miR25-3p was down-regulated and hsa-miR-148a-3p was up-regulated. Only hsa-miR-25-3p (P = 0.0407), which is known to be associated with cardiovascular disease, was validated. In the K diet group 5 saliva miRs, hsa-miR-92-3p, hsa-miR-17-3p, hsa-miR-25b-3p, hsa-miR-122a-5p and hsa-miR-193a-5p, were significantly down-regulated by the array, while only hsa-miR-92-3p (P = 0.0381) and hsa-miR-122a-5p (P = 0.0242) were validated by RT-PCR. In the control group 3 saliva miRs (hsa-miR-25-3p, hsa-miR-31-5p and hsa-miR-200a-3p) showed significantly altered expression by the array but not by RT-PCR. Circulating miRs can be a new source of biomarkers to determine the health effects of K-diet. Korea Food Research Institute.