SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE FRACTIONATION OF PITHECELLOBIUM JIRINGAN JACK SEED COMPOSITIONS USING FAST GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY TIME OF FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY

• Published in: Journal of food process engineering Vol. 34; no. 5; pp. 1746 - 1758
• Main Authors: NORULAINI, N.A. NIK, ZAIDUL, I.S.M., AZIZI, C.Y. MOHD, ZHARI, I., NORAMIN, M.N., SAHENA, F., OMAR, A.K. MOHD
• Format: Magazine Article
• Language: English
• Published: Malden, USA Blackwell Publishing Inc 01.10.2011
• Subjects: Carbon dioxide; Extraction; Gas chromatography; Jacks; Mass spectrometry; Raw; Seeds; Vegetables
• ISSN: 0145-8876; 1745-4530
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2009.00558.x

ABSTRACT The volatile oil components of ground Pithecellobium jiringan seeds were fractionated using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) at 80C and 6,000 psi. The extract was collected every 20 min and the yield was successively extracted into five fractions; thus, the total extraction time was 100 min. The yields (volatile oils) were analyzed with fast gas chromatography/time of flight mass spectrometry (Fast GC‐MS‐TOF) and 55 components were identified. The major components were found to be fatty acids, ally sulfur, vitamin E, terpenoids, and flavonoid and alkaloid compounds. The major components were present at different percentages in each fraction, where some compounds were more dominant in fraction 1 and extracted in the first 20 min where others were more dominant in later fractions. However, the SC‐CO2 and GC‐MS‐TOF may be regarded as new analytical tools for the separation and identification of chemical components from P. jiringan jack seeds. Substances extracted from P. jiringan jack seeds could be evaluated for anti‐diabetic and anti‐hypertensive effects. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Pithecellobium jiringan seed was commonly consumed by Malaysians as raw vegetables dishes as appetizer. Traditionally, the use of raw vegetables is recommended for the prevention of diseases and for health care purposes. The selection of P. jiringan seeds as a material used in the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is due to significance reasons. There is no in‐depth study on their valuable compounds, even though the use of P. jiringan seeds employed in traditional medicines is widespread among the local rural communities, especially for treatment of hypertension and diabetes. Hence, research studies on the chemical constituents and biological activities of this plant are needed. Because it is used in human consumption, a safe extraction technique as supercritical fluid technology is most apt for this research.