Treatments used for obsessive–compulsive disorder—An international perspective

• Published in: Human psychopharmacology Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. e2686 - n/a
• Main Authors: Brakoulias, Vlasios, Starcevic, Vladan, Albert, Umberto, Arumugham, Shyam Sundar, Bailey, Brenda E., Belloch, Amparo, Borda, Tania, Dell'Osso, Liliana, Elias, Jason A., Falkenstein, Martha J., Ferrao, Ygor A., Fontenelle, Leonardo F., Jelinek, Lena, Kalogeraki, Leto, Kay, Brian, Laurito, Luana D., Lochner, Christine, Maina, Giuseppe, Marazziti, Donatella, Martin, Andrew, Matsunaga, Hisato, Miguel, Euripedes C., Morgado, Pedro, Mourikis, Irakis, Pasquini, Massimo, Perez Rivera, Rodrigo, Potluri, Sriramya, Reddy, Janardhan Y.C., Riemann, Brian C., Rosario, Maria Conceição, Shavitt, Roseli G., Stein, Dan J., Viswasam, Kirupumani, Wang, Zhen, Fineberg, Naomi A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.01.2019
• Subjects: Adult; Antidepressants; Antipsychotic Agents - therapeutic use; Antipsychotics; Aripiprazole; benzodiazepines; Benzodiazepines - therapeutic use; cross‐cultural study; Deep Brain Stimulation; Exposure; Female; Fluoxetine; Fluvoxamine; Guidelines; Humans; Internationality; Magnetic fields; Male; Middle Aged; Obsessive compulsive disorder; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - therapy; pharmacotherapy; Psychosurgery; Response prevention; Risperidone; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; Serotonin; Serotonin uptake inhibitors; Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Statistics; Surgery; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; antipsychotics; cross-cultural study; benzodiazepines; obsessive-compulsive disorder; pharmacotherapy; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
• ISSN: 0885-6222; 1099-1077
• DOI: 10.1002/hup.2686

Objective The objective of this study was to characterise international trends in the use of psychotropic medication, psychological therapies, and novel therapies used to treat obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Methods Researchers in the field of OCD were invited to contribute summary statistics on the characteristics of their samples. Consistency of summary statistics across countries was evaluated. Results The study surveyed 19 expert centres from 15 countries (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, Germany, Greece, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States) providing a total sample of 7,340 participants. Fluoxetine (n = 972; 13.2%) and fluvoxamine (n = 913; 12.4%) were the most commonly used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications. Risperidone (n = 428; 7.3%) and aripiprazole (n = 415; 7.1%) were the most commonly used antipsychotic agents. Neurostimulation techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, deep brain stimulation, gamma knife surgery, and psychosurgery were used in less than 1% of the sample. There was significant variation in the use and accessibility of exposure and response prevention for OCD. Conclusions The variation between countries in treatments used for OCD needs further evaluation. Exposure and response prevention is not used as frequently as guidelines suggest and appears difficult to access in most countries. Updated treatment guidelines are recommended.