Case Report: Calcified Cerebral Toxoplasmosis Associated with Perilesional Edema in People Living with HIV/AIDS: Case Series of a Presentation Mimicking Neurocysticercosis

Perilesional edema, associated or not with neurological manifestations, is a well-characterized finding in cases of calcified neurocysticercosis. There are no previous reports of HIV-related calcified toxoplasmosis that mimics this presentation of neurocysticercosis. We report on five patients, four...

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Published inThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene Vol. 106; no. 5; pp. 1426 - 1433
Main Authors Vidal, José E, Rivero, René L M, Dos Santos, Sigrid de Sousa, Guedes, Bruno F, Gomes, Hélio R, de Oliveira, Augusto C Penalva, Garcia, Hector H
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Institute of Tropical Medicine 01.05.2022
The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Subjects
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
AIDS
Calcification
Case Report
Case reports
Edema
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
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Summary:Perilesional edema, associated or not with neurological manifestations, is a well-characterized finding in cases of calcified neurocysticercosis. There are no previous reports of HIV-related calcified toxoplasmosis that mimics this presentation of neurocysticercosis. We report on five patients, four of them with new-onset neurological manifestations, who showed brain calcifications associated with perilesional edema. All cases had a history of HIV-related toxoplasmosis and current virological and immunological control of HIV infection. Similar to neurocysticercosis, brain calcified toxoplasmosis may cause perilesional edema and symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS.
Bibliography:Authors’ addresses: José E. Vidal, Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil, Divisão de Moléstias Infecciosas, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, and LIM 49, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: josevibe@gmail.com. René L. M. Rivero, Setor de Radiologia, Divisão de Apoio ao Diagnóstico e Terapêutica, Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: reneleandro3@hotmail.com. Sigrid de Sousa dos Santos, Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil, E-mail: sigridsantos@gmail.com. Bruno F. Guedes, Departmento de Neurologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: bruno.guedes@hc.fm.usp.br. Hélio R. Gomes, Departmento de Neurologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, and LIM 14, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: helio.gomes@hc.fm.usp.br. Augusto C. Penalva de Oliveira, Departamento de Neurologia, Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: rdcassia@uol.com.br. Hector H. Garcia, Centro de Salud Global, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Herédia, Lima, Peru, and Unidad de Cisticercosis, Instituto de Ciencias Neurológicas, Lima, Peru, E-mail: hhgarcia1@jhu.edu.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.21-1175