Discrepancies of Upper Troposphere Summer Thermal Contrast Between Tibetan Plateau and Tropical Indian Ocean in Multiple Data

Under the background of global warming, the summer land-sea thermal contrasts at the upper troposphere exists great discrepancies in radiosonde data (IUK, RICH, and RAOBCORE), reanalysis data (JRA-55, NCEP/DOE, and ERA5) and CMIP6 models results (MPI, FGOALS, and CESM2) for the period of 1979-2014....

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFrontiers in environmental science Vol. 9
Main Authors Luo, Xiaoqing, Xu, Jianjun, Li, Kai
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 09.04.2021
Frontiers Media S.A
Subjects
Annual variations
Climate change
discrepancies
Environmental science
Global warming
Greenhouse gases
Precipitation
Radiosondes
Summer
summer thermal contrast
Temperature
Tibetan Plateau
Time series
Trends
tropical Indian Ocean
Troposphere
upper troposphere
Wind
Indian Ocean
Tibetan Plateau
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Summary:Under the background of global warming, the summer land-sea thermal contrasts at the upper troposphere exists great discrepancies in radiosonde data (IUK, RICH, and RAOBCORE), reanalysis data (JRA-55, NCEP/DOE, and ERA5) and CMIP6 models results (MPI, FGOALS, and CESM2) for the period of 1979-2014. It can be found that the descriptive statistical indicators (i.e., maximum, minimum, and skewness) of the summer land-sea thermal contrasts index (TTI) between the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the Tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) vary greatly. The ERA5 and JRA-55 data have the best correlation with radiosonde data. The linear trend and running linear trend (RTL) of the radiosonde data are significantly correlated with the reanalysis data, and both show that the land-sea thermal contrast rapidly increasing are in 1990s and the late 2000s, and the period of rapid weakening was early 2000s. This interannual variation may modulated by the decadal signals such as Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Except for the NCEP/DOE and IUK, other data show that the most significant warming in the TP-TIO region is at the upper troposphere, and the vertical profiles of the summer temperature trend are quite different in different data, and CMIP6 shows an obvious warm bias in the upper troposphere.
ISSN:2296-665X
2296-665X
DOI:10.3389/fenvs.2021.655521