Effects of Flow Oscillations in the Mainstream on Film Cooling

• Published in: Inventions (Basel) Vol. 3; no. 4; p. 73
• Main Authors: Baek, Seung, Yavuzkurt, Savas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2018
• Subjects: Acoustics; Blowing; Coolants; Cooling systems; Film cooling; film cooling effectiveness; Flow velocity; Gas turbines; Gases; Heat transfer; K-epsilon turbulence model; Mathematical models; numerical simulation; Oscillating flow; Oscillations; Stanton number; Stanton number ratio; Turbines; Turbulence models; turbulent flows; Unsteady flow
• ISSN: 2411-5134; 2411-5134
• DOI: 10.3390/inventions3040073

The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of oscillations in the main flow and the coolant jets on film cooling at various frequencies (0 to 2144 Hz) at low and high average blowing ratios. Numerical simulations are performed using LES Smagorinsky–Lilly turbulence model for calculation of the adiabatic film cooling effectiveness and using the DES Realizable k-epsilon turbulence model for obtaining the Stanton number ratios (St/Sto). Additionally, multi-frequency inlet velocities are applied to the main and coolant flows to explore the effects of multi-frequency unsteady flows and the results are compared to those at single frequencies. The results show that at a low average blowing ratio (M = 0.5) if the oscillation frequency is increased from 0 to 180 Hz, the effectiveness decreases and the Stanton number ratio increases. However, when the frequency goes from 180 to 268 Hz, the effectiveness sharply increases and the Stanton number ratio increases slightly. If the frequency changes from 268 to 1072 Hz, the film cooling effectiveness decreases and the Stanton number ratio increases slightly. If the frequency goes from 1072 to 2144 Hz, the film cooling effectiveness climbs up and the Stanton number ratio decreases. The results show that at high average blowing ratio (M = 1.0) the trends of the film cooling effectiveness are similar to those at low blowing ratio (M = 0.5) except from 0 to 90 Hz. If the frequency goes from 0 to 90 Hz at M = 1.0, the film cooling effectiveness increases and the Stanton number ratio decreases. It can be said that it is important to include the effects of oscillating flows when designing film cooling systems for a gas turbine.