The development of early externalizing problems among children from low-income families : A transformational perspective

• Published in: Journal of abnormal child psychology Vol. 26; no. 2; pp. 95 - 107
• Main Authors: SHAW, D. S, WINSLOW, E. B, OWENS, E. B, VONDRA, J. I, COHN, J. E, BELL, R. Q
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer 01.04.1998; Plenum Press; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescents; Adult; Affective Symptoms - diagnosis; Affective Symptoms - psychology; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - diagnosis; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders - psychology; Behavior Problems; Biological and medical sciences; Child; Child clinical studies; Child Development; Child psychology; Child, Preschool; Children & youth; Conduct Disorder - diagnosis; Conduct Disorder - epidemiology; Conduct Disorder - psychology; Female; Humans; Infant; Longitudinal Studies; Low income groups; Male; Medical sciences; Miscellaneous; Models, Psychological; Mother-Child Relations; Parents & parenting; Personality Inventory - statistics & numerical data; Poverty; Probability; Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry; Psychopathology. Psychiatry; Regression Analysis; Rejection (Psychology); Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Young Children; Human; Preschool age; Maternal behavior; Socioeconomic status; Low; Sex; Development; Infant; Mother child relation; Child; Behavioral disorder
• ISSN: 0091-0627; 2730-7166; 1573-2835; 2730-7174
• DOI: 10.1023/A:1022665704584

The present study examined pathways leading to early externalizing problems from age 1 to 3 1/2 in a design that took advantage of our knowledge of normative progression and normative socialization as well as findings from research on risk. A sample of 130 low-income participants was followed longitudinally from 12 to 42 months using observational measures of developmentally salient parenting and child disruptive behavior to predict early externalizing problems. Results are best accommodated by concepts such as transformation and transaction from developmental psychology. For boys, both child and parent variables predicted later externalizing. For girls and boys, the interaction between child noncompliance and maternal rejection was significant.