Resveratrol promotes myenteric neuroprotection in the ileum of rats after ischemia-reperfusion injury

• Published in: Life sciences (1973) Vol. 166; pp. 54 - 59
• Main Authors: Borges, Stephanie Carvalho, da Silva de Souza, Aline Cristine, Beraldi, Evandro José, Schneider, Larissa Carla Lauer, Buttow, Nilza Cristina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01.12.2016; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants - therapeutic use; Cell proliferation; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Effects; Enteric nervous system; Glial cells; Ileum; Ileum - drug effects; Ileum - innervation; Ileum - pathology; Injury prevention; Intestine; Ischemia; Male; Myenteric plexus; Myenteric Plexus - cytology; Myenteric Plexus - drug effects; Myenteric Plexus - pathology; Neuroglia - cytology; Neuroglia - drug effects; Neuroglia - pathology; Neuronal hypertrophy; Neurons - cytology; Neurons - drug effects; Neurons - pathology; Neuroprotection; Neuroprotection - drug effects; Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I - analysis; Nitric-oxide synthase; nNOS-IR; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reperfusion; Reperfusion Injury - drug therapy; Reperfusion Injury - pathology; Resveratrol; Rodents; S100-IR; Stilbenes - therapeutic use; Studies; Superior mesenteric artery; Surgery; Transplants; Vasoactive agents; Vasoactive intestinal peptide; Veins & arteries; VIP-IR varicosities; VIP-IR varicosities; Glial cells; Neuronal hypertrophy; nNOS-IR; S100-IR; Superior mesenteric artery
• ISSN: 0024-3205; 1879-0631
• DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.016

The present study evaluated the effects of resveratrol in the myenteric plexus after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury caused by occluding the superior mesenteric artery for 45min, followed by 7days of reperfusion. Forty-two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: control (C group), untreated sham surgery control (SC group), sham surgery control treated with resveratrol before surgery (STA group), sham surgery control treated with resveratrol before and after surgery (STAD group), ischemic control (IRC group), ischemic treated before I/R (IRTA group), and ischemic treated before and after I/R (IRTAD group). Resveratrol (10mg/kg) was administered for 4days and 2h prior to surgery and/or 7days later. Morphometric analyses were performed, and the density of the general neuronal population (HuC/D-immunoreactive [IR]), nitrergic subpopulation (neuronal nitric oxide synthase [nNOS]-IR), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)ergic varicosities (VIP-IR), and glial cells (S100-IR) was determined. Injury that was caused by I/R significantly reduced (p<0.01) the HuC/D-IR general neuronal population. Treatment with resveratrol before and after ischemia had a neuroprotective effect. Morphometric changes caused by I/R in nitrergic neurons and varicosities were also attenuated by resveratrol. Ischemia/reperfusion promoted the proliferation of enteric glial cells, and resveratrol treatment before and after I/R reversed this effect. Resveratrol had neuroprotective effects, showing promise for application in intestinal surgery and transplants. [Display omitted]