Effect of supplementing a high-protein ram press sunflower cake concentrate on smallholder milk production in Zimbabwe

• Published in: Tropical animal health and production Vol. 39; no. 4; pp. 297 - 307
• Main Authors: Ngongoni, N. T, Mapiye, C, Mwale, M, Mupeta, B
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers 01.05.2007; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animal Feed; Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Animals; Cattle - growth & development; Cattle - physiology; Cow performance; Crossbred; Crosses, Genetic; Dairy cattle; Dairying - methods; Dietary Proteins - administration & dosage; Dietary Proteins - metabolism; Dietary Supplements; Digestion; Dry matter; Fatty Acids, Volatile - analysis; Female; Helianthus; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactation - drug effects; Lactation - physiology; Milk - chemistry; Milk - secretion; Milk production; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds - analysis; Random Allocation; Rumen - chemistry; Rumen - metabolism; Rumen parameters; Sunflower concentrate; Supplement; Zimbabwe
• ISSN: 0049-4747; 1573-7438
• DOI: 10.1007/s11250-007-9018-0

Ram press sunflower cake protein concentrate was formulated locally and its effect on the performance of dairy cows was compared with that of a commercial dairy concentrate. The effects of concentrate on roughage dry matter intake, milk yield and milk composition, live weight and calving intervals were similar for all concentrates, which indicated that the home grown dairy concentrates were as effective as the dairy commercial concentrate. The lack of significant differences in the concentrations of rumen NH₃-N, pH, VFAs and total AA in all the cows between concentrate types supported this. The results indicated that in the low-resource and low-input production systems, crossbreds were as productive as Jersey and Red Dane cows. The exotic cows were more susceptible to tick-borne diseases and mastitis, and showed higher incidences of calving problems and retained placenta compared with crossbred cows. The economics of feeding ram press sunflower concentrate were compared with those of a commercial dairy concentrate on the performance of crossbred, Red Dane and Jersey cows. The gross margin was higher when feeding sunflower cake than when feeding commercial dairy concentrate (p < 0.05).