Adipose tissue radiodensity: A new prognostic biomarker in people with multiple myeloma

• Published in: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Vol. 86; p. 111141
• Main Authors: da Cunha, Ademar Dantas, Silveira, Marina Nogueira, Takahashi, Maria Emília Seren, de Souza, Edna Marina, Mosci, Camila, Ramos, Celso Dario, Brambilla, Sandra Regina, Pericole, Fernando Vieira, Prado, Carla M., Mendes, Maria Carolina Santos, Carvalheira, José Barreto Campello
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2021; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Abdominal fat; Adipocytes; Adipose tissue; Adipose tissue distribution; Adipose tissue radiodensity; Biomarkers; Body composition; Body fat; Body mass index; Chemotherapy; Clinical outcomes; Composition; Computed tomography; Confidence intervals; Cytokines; Emission analysis; Fluorine isotopes; Glucose; Inflammation; Interleukin 6; Leptin; Medical imaging; Medical prognosis; Metabolism; Multiple myeloma; Obesity; Open source software; Positron emission; Positron emission tomography; Prognosis; Subcutaneous adipose tissue; Survival; Tomography; Vertebrae; United States > US; Fiji; Abdominal fat; Adipose tissue radiodensity; Body fat; Computed tomography; Adipose tissue distribution; Multiple myeloma; Subcutaneous adipose tissue; Survival; Positron emission tomography; Body composition
• ISSN: 0899-9007; 1873-1244
• DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111141

•Higher subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity is associated with reduced subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue as well as reduced leptin levels.•Higher subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity is associated with increased adipose tissue fludeoxyglucose F 18 uptake and proinflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 levels.•Event-free survival and overall survival are both shorter in people with high subcutaneous adipose tissue radiodensity. Standard prognostic markers based on individual characteristics of individuals with multiple myeloma (MM) remain scarce. Body-composition features have often been associated with survival outcomes in different cancers. However, the association of adipose tissue radiodensity with MM prognosis has not yet, to our knowledge, been explored. Computed tomography at the third lumbar vertebra was used for body-composition analysis, including adipose tissue radiodensity, in 91 people with MM. Additionally, fludeoxyglucose F 18 (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography was used to assess adipose tissue 18F-FDG uptake. Proinflammatory cytokine and adipokine levels were measured. Event-free survival and overall survival were both shorter in participants with high subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) radiodensity. Those in the highest SAT radiodensity tertile had an independently higher risk for both overall survival (hazard ratio, 4.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.26–16.44; Ptrend = 0.036) and event-free survival (hazard ratio, 3.08; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–9.27; Ptrend = 0.035). Importantly, higher SAT radiodensity was significantly correlated with increased 18F-FDG adipose tissue uptake and proinflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6) levels, and with decreased leptin levels. SAT radiodensity may serve as a biomarker to predict host-related metabolic and proinflammatory milieu, which ultimately correlates with MM prognosis. [Display omitted]