Comparison of White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection Resistance Between Exopalaemon carinicauda and Litopenaeus vannamei Under Different Salinity Stresses

• Published in: Journal of Ocean University of China Vol. 16; no. 6; pp. 1195 - 1205
• Main Authors: Ge, Qianqian, Yu, Ge, Sun, Ming, Li, Jitao, Li, Jian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Science Press 01.12.2017; Springer Nature B.V; Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, P.R.China%Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, P.R.China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, P.R.China
• Subjects: Abundance; activity; Bacteria; Capacity; carinicauda; Disease resistance; Earth and Environmental Science; Earth Sciences; Exopalaemon; Exopalaemon carinicauda; Gene expression; hemocyanin; Litopenaeus; Litopenaeus vannamei; Meteorology; Oceanography; Pathogens; Phenoloxidase; Saline water; Salinity; Salinity effects; Shellfish; stress; Stresses; Transcription; vannamei; Viruses; Waterborne diseases; White spot syndrome; White spot syndrome virus; WSSV; phenoloxidase activity; salinity stress; hemocyanin; WSSV; Exopalaemon carinicauda; Litopenaeus vannamei
• ISSN: 1672-5182; 1993-5021; 1672-5174
• DOI: 10.1007/s11802-017-3349-x

Exopalaemon carinicauda is one of the important economic shrimp species in China, and can tolerate a wide range of salinities. However, its disease resistance remains to be unclear in comparison with other shrimp species under salinity stress. In this study, the resistance to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) of E. carinicauda and Litopenaeus vannamei was determined by comparing their hemocyanin (Hc) and phenoloxidase (PO) activities under different salinity stresses. In E. carinicauda, the PO activity and Hc gene transcript abundance showed a coherent pattern of increase and decrease while Hc content showed a slightly decrease with Vibrio anguillarum and WSSV infections. For both E. carinicauda and L. vannamei under salinity stress, the PO activity showed a positive correlation with the salinity while the Hc content and expression level of its gene increased significantly in salinities of 5, 15 and 25 gL?1. The survival rate of E. carinicauda with WSSV infection was higher than that of L. vannamei in the first 24 h under different salinity stresses. Drastic mortality of E.carinicauda and L. vannamei appeared at 48 h and 3 h post-injection, respectively.Furthermore, compared with L. vannamei, E. carinicauda displayed higher PO activity, Hc content and abundance of Hc gene mRNA. The results collectively indicated that Hc and PO have obviously functional connection in resisting pathogens and tolerating salinity stress, and PO activity and Hc gene mRNA abundance may reflect the resistance of shrimp to disease. E. carinicauda has higher level of immune potential than L. vannamei, suggesting its greater capacity in resisting pathogens under salinity stresses.