Exosomal CA125 as A Promising Biomarker for Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis

The main diagnostic indicators of ovarian cancer (OC), including carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), show good sensitivity and poor specificity or vice versa. This study investigated changes in CA125 and HE4 expression and their correlation in serum-derived exosome...

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Published inJournal of Cancer Vol. 11; no. 21; pp. 6445 - 6453
Main Authors Chen, Zhixiang, Liang, Qianxin, Zeng, Hua, Zhao, Qing, Guo, Zhaodi, Zhong, Rihui, Xie, Manlin, Cai, Xiuping, Su, Jing, He, Zhiliang, Zheng, Lei, Zhao, Kewei
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Wyoming Ivyspring International Publisher Pty Ltd 01.01.2020
Ivyspring International Publisher
Subjects
Antigens
Biomarkers
Flow cytometry
MicroRNAs
Morphology
Nanoparticles
Ovarian cancer
Particle size
Research Paper
Transmission electron microscopy
Tumors
China
Japan
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Summary:The main diagnostic indicators of ovarian cancer (OC), including carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), show good sensitivity and poor specificity or vice versa. This study investigated changes in CA125 and HE4 expression and their correlation in serum-derived exosomes of 55 patients with OC (OC group), 33 patients with malignant tumors (non-OC group), and 55 normal controls (NC group). We compared serum and exosomal CA125 and HE4 levels to determine whether their contents in exosomes were elevated. We also compared the diagnostic efficacy of serum HE4, serum CA125, exosomal CA125, and serum HE4+exosomal CA125 in OC using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. CA125 levels in serum-derived exosomes in all groups significantly increased (P < 0.0001) compared with serum CA125 levels. HE4 was undetected in exosomes. The ROC curve showed the following values: serum CA125: 0.9093 (area), 87.27% (sensitivity), and 90.91% (specificity); serum HE4: 0.9302, 83.64%, and 94.55%; exosomal CA125: 0.9755, 94.55%, and 92.73%; and serum HE4+exosomal CA125: 0.9861, 96.36%, and 92.73%. In conclusion, CA125 can be detected at higher levels in exosomes than in serum, significantly improving OC diagnosis sensitivity. The serum HE4+exosomal CA125 combination significantly improves OC diagnostic efficiency.
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Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists.
Co-first authors.
ISSN:1837-9664
1837-9664
DOI:10.7150/jca.48531