Multi-walled carbon nanotube paper anodes for lithium ion batteries
The lithium ion capacity has been measured for multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) synthesized by injection chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using a cyclopentadienyl iron dicarbonyl dimer catalyst. The high quality of the as-synthesized MWCNTs has enabled free-standing electrodes to be fabricated...
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Published in | Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol. 9; no. 6; p. 3406 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
01.06.2009
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Online Access | Get more information |
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Summary: | The lithium ion capacity has been measured for multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) synthesized by injection chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using a cyclopentadienyl iron dicarbonyl dimer catalyst. The high quality of the as-synthesized MWCNTs has enabled free-standing electrodes to be fabricated independent of polymeric binder or copper support. Galvanostatic cycling of these electrodes demonstrates excellent reversibility and coulombic efficiency (> 97% after cycle 3) using propylene carbonate based electrolytes, with no evidence for material degradation. A reversible capacity exceeding 225 mAh/g was measured after 20 cycles when using the electrolyte combination of (1:1:1 v/v) ethylene carbonate (EC):propylene carbonate (PC):diethyl carbonate (DEC) at a constant current of 74 mA/g (equivalent of C/5 for LiC6). Modification of the catalyst solvent during synthesis from xylenes to pyridine improved the lithium ion capacity in the resulting MWCNT paper to 340 mAh/g. In addition, this MWCNT paper showed a stable reversible capacity after 10 cycles, exceeding 225 mAh/g when cycled at an equivalent 1C rate. Therefore, the use of a nitrogen source during synthesis can lead to improved lithium ion capacity in novel MWCNT anodes. |
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ISSN: | 1533-4880 |
DOI: | 10.1166/jnn.2009.NS09 |